Flashcards
Attachment AQA psych
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Caregiver-infant interactionsReciprocity
Interactional synchrony
Isabella et al - high levels = better quality attachment (correlation) - 2Stages of attachmentAsocial stage - similar interactions to both humans and objects
indiscriminate attachment - prefer humans, but doesn't care who gives attachment
specific attachment - primary attachment figure is formed
multiple attachment - extending attachments away from PAF - 3Role of fatherRarely first/primary attachment
75% of babies get attached to fathers within 18 months
Different role to mothers, mostly for quality of attachment
Can take on mothers role - 4Animal studiesLorenz - goslings imprinting on first thing they see after being born, inc humans
Harlow - monkeys prefer a soft mother, and maternal deprivation lead to social dysfunction - 5Learning theoryAttachment due to classical conditioning, caregiver gives food meaning pleasure, therefore caregiver gives pleasure
- 6Monotropy theoryAttachment to one person (primary attachment figure) due to instinct/evolution
- 7Critical periodPart of monotropy theory
The time when the baby needs to make Primary attachment for developmental purposes - 8Social releasersPart of monotropy theory
An action by the baby to activate adults to attach to the baby - 9Internal working model (IWM)Part of monotropy theory
Mental representation of their relationship with Primary attachment figure
Influences later relationships - 10Strange situationControlled observation
7 stages 3 minutes each
Test for: stranger anxiety, separation anxiety, secure base behaviour, reunion behaviour, and proximity seeking
Makes assumptions of attachment types based on observed actions - 11Attachment typesSecure,
Insecure-avoidant,
Insecure-resistant - 12Cultural variations on Attachment typeVan Ijzendoorn meta analysis
32 studies from 8 countries, most countries only had 1 or 2 studies
50% or more always had secure attachments
More internal than external variation
Most external differences based on individualist vs collectivist cultures - 13Maternal deprivationRemoval of emotional care of the baby for the first 2.5 years
Leads to lower IQ and less emotional development (Affectionless psychopath)
AP shown in 44 thieves study, significant number of affectionless psychopaths who committed crimes were separated and deprived for a long period - 14Effects of institutionalisationRomanian orphan studies
showed effects of: lower IQ, more attention-seeking characteristics, only 19% of tested individuals had secure attachment, low stranger anxiety
New attachment type found during this: disinhibited attachment - 15Influence of early attachment on Child and adult relationshipsinternal working model influences what we want in later relationships
Attachment type and bullying: S uninvolved, IA victims, IR bullies
IWM often influences your parenting and so you often pass it onto your children