Flashcards
Reliability and Validity
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1ReliabilityRefers to the consistency of a measuring instrument. It is linked to one of the key features of the scientific approach, replicability.
- 2External Reliability: Is the ability to produce the same results each time a test is carried out.Assessed: Test-Retest Method:
The test is used several times with the same or similar groups of participants. A correlation analysis is then performed, and a high correlation coefficient indicates external reliability. - 3Internal Reliability: This is usually associated with measures such as attitude scales or psychometrics. It is concerned with the consistency within a test.Assessed: Split-Half Method:
Participants score for a variable on one half of a test are correlated with their score for the variable on the other half of the test. A high correlation indicates good internal reliability. - 4Improving ReliabilityWhen possible, take more than one measurement and use average.
Use pilot study to check that the proposed method of measurement works properly & the participants can use apparatus.
When more than one investigator is used the way in which they collect and record data must be standardised. - 5ValidityA valid measure is one that measures what it claims to measure.
- 6Internal Validity: The ability of a study to test the hypothesis it was designed to test.Key Points:
Operationalise vaiables
Demand characteristics
Experimenter bias
Repeated measures (order effects)
Independent groups (participant variables) - 7Improving Internal Validity:The Single Blind Technique:
Participants don't know condition.
The Double Blind Technique:
Participants and experimenter don't know condition. - 8Assessing Validity: Face Validity - A commonsense judgement about the tests validity. Does it seem to be testing what it claims to be?Concurrent Validity - A test shows concurrent validity if it shows similar findings to other existing measures.
Predictive Validity - Predictive validity is measured by how well a test predicts future performance. - 9External Validity: Is concerned with how well the results of a study can be generalised beyond the study itself.Population Validity - The issue of whether we can generalise the results from the limited sample.
Ecological Validity - The issue of whether we can generalise the results from the setting of the study to other settings. - 10—
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- A-Level Psychology (Research Methods) Flashcards on Reliability and Validity, created by hannahsmith77 on 06/02/2016.
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