Flashcards
Foreign Policy under Henry VII
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1What was Henry VII's foreign policy initially dictated by?The circumstances surrounding his succession and his lack of money
- 2What was Henry's foreign policy dictated by at the end of his reign?Trade, dynastic expansion and his own succession.
- 3When did Henry VII build truces with: -France -Scotland -The Habsburg Empire?France 1485
Scotland 1486
The Habsburg Empire 1487 - 4Why did Henry see advantages to building a longer-term alliance with Spain?As an insurance policy against any future problems with France
- 5When was the Treaty of Medina del Campo?1489
- 6What did the Treaty of Medina del Campo entail?England and Spain decided to work together to defend their lands and promised not to make agreements with France without consulting each other first
- 7How did this affect trade?It set up equal trading rights for merchants in both countries and fixed custom duties that tended to favour English merchants
- 8How was the alliance deepened?Arrangements were made for Prince Arthur to marry the daughter of the Spanish Monarchs.
- 9Why were initially friendly relations with France put in jeopardy in 1488?France tried to absorb Brittany between 1488 and 1492 which was an issue of national security because it made Calais vulnerable.
- 10Why was it dangerous for Henry to rush into war with France?Pretenders to the English throne were active in France.
Funds for war were low - 11What were Henry's first actions against France?He opened negotiations with France whilst at the same time secretly allowed English troops to cross to Brittany to help the Bretons repel the French army.
- 12What happened when these maneuvers failed?He tried to win support at home and abroad for a short campaign.
- 13Why was Parliament summoned?To make a grant of £100,000 to finance a small force (between 3000 to 6000 men)
- 14What did Henry make clear when the army crossed the Channel in 1489?It was acting in defense of Brittany and not going further and re-opening the longstanding English claims to French lands (100 years war)
- 15Did these reassurances satisfy the French?No. France showed their displeasure by allowing Perkin Warbeck at court and allowing more troops into Brittany
- 16What risk did Henry take in the final stages of the war?He led a larger force of 12,000 troops into Brittany, assuming that France did not want a long conflict.
- 17Was Henry right?Yes. France wanted to be free of commitments elsewhere as they had begun to be interested in the divisions within the Italian Peninsula.
- 18What were the terms of the Treaty of Etaples (1492)?Payment of 745,000 crowns to cover the costs of the expedition and an agreement by the French king not to support Henry's enemies.
- 19What was the Hanseatic League?A league of German towns which dominated trade in the Baltic. They aimed to maintain a monopoly there.
- 20How did Henry's alliance with Spain hope to improve trade?It was hoped it would encourage trade in the New World.
- 21How did Henry's foreign policy change after the deaths of Arthur and Elizabeth?It became more reactionary to the latest European situations.