ATP ENERGY SYSTEMS

ATP ENERGY SYSTEMS

1. Stores and releases chemical energy

   • This provides energy for muscle contractions

2. AEROBIC SYSTEM

   • Triglycerides are broken down to produce ATP
   • Carbon dioxide and oxygen are waste products
   • Aerobic glycosis
     • Converts carbohydrates into pyruvicc acid using oxygen
   • Krebs cycle
     • Pyruvic acid is converted into citric acid
       • CO2 and H are waste products
         • CO2 expired
         • H used in electron transport train
     • Occurs in mitochondria
   • Electron transport train
     • Hydrogen is accepted by the H receptor in the mitochondria
       • This is then combined with oxygen to produce ATP
         • 34 ATP molecules produced
     • Recovery time is 2-3 days
     • triglycerides are broken down into 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol by LIPOLYSIS

3. LACTATE SYSTEM

   • Anerobic
     • Glycolysis breaks down carbohydrates into glucose
   • Glucose is stored in the liver as glycogen.
     • This is so it is easily available
   • 1 glucose molecule = 2 ATP
   • 1 glycogen molecule = 3 ATP
   • Pyruvic acid is broken down into lactic acid.
     • This inhibits contractions and creates fatigue.
   • Recovery time is 8 minutes

4. ATP-PC alactic system

   • Anerobic
   • PC is a high energy compound.
     • when this is broken then it can be used to resynthesises ATP
   • 1molecule of PC = 1 molecule ATP
   • Energy system can only be used for 10 seconds
     • work : recovery ratio is 1:10 seconds

5. Adaptations

   • 1) increased creatine stores
   • 2) increased tolerance to lactic acid
   • Aerobic energy systems are more efficient
   • increase use of fats as an energy source
   • Increased storage of glycogen
   • Increased mitochondria storage