Ions

Ions

1. Is an atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge either positive or negative

2. Atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons and so do not have an overall charge

3. An atom that loses electrons becomes positively charged

   • An atom that gains electrons becomes negatively charged

4. Metals LOSE electrons

   • Non metals GAIN electrons

5. The electrostatic force is between the positive and negative ions

6. Atoms that have lost or gained electrons are called ions

7. Elements in Group 1 readily form ions

   • Elements in Group 8 rarely form ions

8. Positive ions are called cations

   • Negative ions are called anions

9. Metals form POSITIVE ions

   • Non metals usually gain electrons to form NEGATIVE ions

10. Proton

    • Mass 1
    • Charge +1
    • Found in nucleus of an atom

11. Neutron

    • Mass 1
    • Charge 0
    • Found in nucleus of an atom

12. Electron

    • Mass 0 or negligable (0.0005)
    • Charge -1
    • Found in shells of an atom