Cardiovascular System

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The Cardiovasculer system

Major function=transportaion

o2 nutrients, wastes, hormones etc...

the heart is the pump

blood vessels are the network

Location ad size

about the size of your fist

weighs less than a pound

between the lungs

pointed apex directed toward left hip

Heart Coverings

pericardium- a double serous membrane

visceral pericardium

next to heart

parietal pericarduim

outside layer

serous fluid-fills the space between the layers to reduce friction

The walls of the heart are composed of three layers

Epicardium

this is the visceral pericardium

outside layer

Myocardium

middle layer

mostly cardiac muscle

what actually contracts

Endocardium

inner layer

lines heart chambers

The heart has four chmabers, 2 artia and 2 ventricles

Atria

recive venous blood

superior chambers

not important in pumping

Ventricles

Discharge arterial blood

left side larger than right

inferior chambers

right and left side act as seprate pumps

Blood Circulation

​​​​​​​Pulmonary circulation

right side

oxygen-poor blood from body

vessels: superior/inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries and veins

carry blood to and from lungs exchange