topic 8 Biology - created from Mind Map

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Genetic fingerprinting

Recombinant DNA technology

Gene expression

DNA extracted from smaple

Cut into fragments - restriction endonuclease

Fragments separated using gel electrophoresis

Mixture put in wells, electric current passed through

put gel in alkaline solution , separating 2 strands of DNA

Southern blotting to absorb DNA

Radioactive probe added

Areas with probe identified by x-ray film

Organsisms genomes contain VNTRs - variable no. Tamden repeats

USES

Medical diagnosis

Animal and plant breeding

Involves transfer of DNA fragments from one organsism to another.

Fragments of DNA can be produced by

In - Vivo

In-Vitro

Gene machine

Restriction endonuclease , cutting required gene out of DNA

Conversion of mRNA to cDNA, using reverse transcriptase

Add promotor and terminator regions to fragment of DNA

Restriction endonuclease and ligases to insert fragments into vectors

Marker genes detect genetically modified cells

Vector- Transports DNA from one organism to another

PCR- Polymerase chain reaction

Heat to 90-95'C

Seperating the 2 strands

cool to 60'C, allowing primers to anneal

DNA polymerase binds

Heat up to 72'C , Thermostable Taq polymerase attacthes nucleotises to the growing complementary strand.