Quiz
DynamicPlanet-Oceanography-05-09-15-Q1
Questions in this quiz (25)
1 Hydrothermal processes at mid-ocean ridges affect both the composition of the oceanic crust and that of seawater. For example, hydrothermal activity is the principal “sink” for the element _____________in seawater
- Acalcium
- Bhydrogen
- Cchlorine
- Dmagnesium
- Ephosphorus
2. If the Earth were to rotate in the opposite direction to its current rotation, so that the sun rose in the west and set in the east, the Coriolis Effect would deflect moving objects:
- A. to the left in the Southern Hemisphere,
- B. to the right in the Northern Hemisphere,
- Calways to the north,
- Dalways to the south,
- Eto the right in the Southern Hemisphere
3The height of wind-generated waves is determined by
- Awind speed
- Bfetch
- Cwind duration
- Dnone of the above
- Eall of the above
4Mediterranean Intermediate Water is the saltiest and densest water mass in the world ocean.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Antarctic Bottom Water is the coldest and densest water mass in the world ocean
- ATrue
- BFalse
6Coriolis force:
- Aarises from the earth’s rotation
- Baccounts for the counter-clockwise rotation of the subtropical gyres in the Northern Hemisphere
- C. accounts for the clockwise rotation of the subtropical gyres in the Northern Hemisphere
- DA and B are correct
- EA and C are correct
7Cyclonic circulation is
- Aclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere
- Bcounter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere
- Cassociated with high pressure cells
- Dnever in geostrophic balance
- EA and C are correct
8The Ekman spiral:
- A. is maintained by a balance of Coriolis and gravitational forces
- Bis maintained by a balance of Coriolis, wind shear, and viscous (frictional) forces
- C. leads to a surface current 45° to the right of the wind in the Northern Hemisphere
- DA and C are correct
- EB and C are correct
9 During El Nino/Southern Oscillation years, global weather patterns are altered, including:
- Amore fires and droughts in Indonesia and Australia
- Bweaker coastal upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water off Peru
- C. more winter storms and rainfall in southern California
- Dall of the above
- Enone of the above
10 Upwelling occurs:
- A along the west coasts of continents typically
- B in the open ocean where currents converge
- Cin the open ocean where currents diverge
- Donly answers a and c are correct
- Enone of the above
11Coral reefs do not grow well near the mouths of major rivers because of their intolerance to low salinities and high sedimentation rates.
- ATrue
- BFalse
12Caribbean coral reefs are found at the location marked by the number
- A44
- B32
- C35
- D34
- E33
13A sand ridge connecting an island to the mainland or to another island is a:
- Aspit
- Bjetty
- Csea stack
- Dtombolo
- Ebreakwater
14The energy that drives surface ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream comes from:
- Asalinity variations
- Bdensity difference
- CCoriolis force
- Dprevailing winds
- Ewave activity
15Submarine Canyons are most characteristic of the
- Acontinental shelves
- Brift valleys
- Cfractures in the sea floor
- Dabyssal plains
- Econtinental slopes
16Why is the ocean salty?
- Asodium and chlorine are added by rain water
- Bsodium and chlorine are the elements least likely to be removed by chemical and biological processes
- Csubmarine volcanic eruptions contribute sodium and chlorine
- Dsodium and chlorine are the most abundant elements brought down by rivers
- Esodium and chlorine are created by marine organisms
17Oxygen-depleted zones of the oceans, such as the one at the mouth of the Mississippi River, are most likely caused by
- Alarge numbers of fish that are using up all the oxygen in the water
- Ba reduction in the plant life in rivers that empty into the ocean near the dead zone
- Cexcessive fertilizers carried into the ocean, which cause algal blooms that lower the oxygen levels
- Dthermal pollution in the ocean
- Eacid precipitation falling on the ocean
18A certain chemical has a concentration of 10 ppm in water. Which statement most accurately describes its concentration?
- AThere are 10 molecules of the chemical in one million molecules of water
- BThere are 10 million molecules of the chemical in the sample.
- CThere are 10 molecules of the chemical in 10 million molecules of water.
- DThere are 10 million molecules of the chemical in a 1-liter beaker.
- EThere are 10 molecules of water in one million molecules of the chemical.
19Salt intrusion into freshwater aquifers; beach erosion; and the disruption of coastal fisheries are all possible results of which of the following?
- ARising ocean levels as a result of global warming
- BMore solar ultraviolet radiation on the earth
- CMore chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere
- DReduced rates of photosynthesis
- EUse of the oceans as waste disposal area
20In sea water, carbon is mostly found in the form of
- Aphosphoric acid
- Bcarbon disulfide
- Cbicarbonate ions
- Dmethane gas
- Eglucose
21All of the following gases contribute to rising global air temperatures EXCEPT
- Amethane
- Bnitrogen dioxide
- Cozone
- Dcarbon dioxide
- Ewater vapor
22Convectional heating and cooling of the atmosphere transfers which of the following to other parts of the earth?
I. Heat
II. Moisture
III. Nutrients- AI only
- BII only
- CIII only
- DI and II only
- EI, II and III
23The North Atlantic Current provides which of the following for Europe and North America?
- ALarge amounts of CO2 to promote photosynthesis
- BCold saltwater to help form icebergs
- CMineral-rich waters to reduce depleted mineral reserves
- DWarm water that moderates land temperatures
- EFish to feed predators such as killer whales
24Ozone depletion is occurring most rapidly in the earth’s polar regions because
- Athere are more researchers studying the problem at the poles than at the equator
- Bthe atmosphere is thicker at the poles, so ozone destruction is easier to observe
- Clarge amounts of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) can accumulate on ice crystals formed in the cold atmosphere
- Dthe upper atmosphere winds form a pattern of high and low pressure systems that can cause the destruction of ozone
- Ethe solar UV radiation is stronger at the poles, promoting the breakdown of ozone
25During an El Niño-Southern Oscillation, weather events change in which of the following areas?
- AThe Pacific and Indian Oceans
- BThe Atlantic and Indian Oceans
- CThe Arctic Sea
- DThe Indian and Antartic Oceans
- EThe Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
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