Flashcards
Development of Attachment
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1Stages of Attachment- Indiscriminate attachments
- Beginnings of attachments
- Discriminate attachments
- Multiple attachments - 2Indiscriminate Attachments- From birth to around 2 months infants produce similar responses to all objects
- Near the end of this period, they begin to show preference to social stimuli
- Reciprocity and interactional synchrony play a role in establishing relationships with others - 3The Beginnings of Attachment- At 4 months, infants become more social and prefer human company
- Can distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people
- Relatively easily comforted by others
- Don't express stranger anxiety yet - 4Discriminate Attachments- At 7 months, infants begin to show different protests (separation anxiety) and express joy upon contact with the primary attachment figure
- 65% (mother), 30% (mother joint first), 3% (father), 27% (father joint first) - 5Multiple Attachments- Soon after the first attachment has formed, the infant develops multiple attachments
- Schaffer and Emerson found that within the first month of attachment, 29% made attachments with others
- Within 6 months this had risen to 78% - 6EvaluationUnreliable data
> Data was based on mothers' reports of their infants
> Some mothers may be less sensitive to their infants' protests and were less likely to report them
> Creates systemic bias - 7EvaluationBiased sample
> Working class sample from the 60s
> Parental care has changed considerably
> More women work and many infants are cared for outside the home
> Increase of stay-at-home dads (x4 over 25 years) - 8EvaluationCultural variations
> Individualist cultures that focus on the individual
- Individual caring for children
> Collectivist cultures that focus on a group
- Communities caring for all children together - 9Primary Attachment Figures- Fathers are less likely to be primary attachment figures as they may spend less time with infants
- Not psychologically equipped? - lack emotional sensitivity
- Biological or social factors ^ - 10Secondary Attachment Figures- Fathers play a role as secondary attachment figures
- Fathers are more physically active with infants whereas the mother is more conventional towards infants