Flashcards
Mitosis
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1Cell cycle- Starts when cell forms
- Ends when cell divides
- 2 parts of cycle:
Interphase (growth)
Mitosis (division) - 2Interphase & Chromosomes- Interphase takes up 90% of cell cycle
- This is when the cell carries out it's function & grows bigger
DNA is replicated -> chromosomes made of 2 chromatids, joined by centromere - 3Purposes of Mitosis- Growth
- Repair
- Reproduction (single-celled organisms: bacteria & protists) - 4Location of Mitosis- In plants:
apical meristem = tip of root/stem & buds
lateral meristem = tissues beneath bark
- In animals:
specific places in organs = bone marrow
/skin basal layers - 5Which tissues are continually being replaced by Mitosis?- Epithelium tissue
- Connective tissue - 6Which division processes are important in Mitosis?- KARYOKINESIS = division of nucleus
- CYTOKINESIS = division of cytoplasm - 7Interphase (Mitosis in Plant Cells)- DNA in Chromatin Network duplicates
- DNA thickens into chromosomes
- 8Prophase (Mitosis in Plant Cells)- Spindle fibres formed btwn poles (but no centrosomes)
- No centrioles
- 9Metaphase (Mitosis in Plant Cells)- Nuclear membrane disintegrates
- Chromosomes line up at equator & attach to spindle fibre at centromere
- 10Anaphase (Mitosis in Plant Cells)- Centromere splits
- Daughter chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles (spindle fibres)
- 11Telophase (Mitosis in Plant Cells)- Cytokinesis: cell plate forms @ equator
- Chromosomes unwind & lengthen
- Nuclear membrane & nucleolus form
- 12After mitosis... (Mitosis in Plant Cells)- Cytoplasm creates new cell wall (add layers of cellulose)
- Vacuoles form (in one daugther cell)
- Vacuoles join & water pulls in (cell enlarges)
- Other cell remains small; divides again - 13Interphase (Mitosis in Animal Cells)- DNA in Chromatin Network replicates
- DNA thickens and becomes visible
- 14Prophase (Mitosis in Animal Cells)- 1 centrosome = 2 individual centrioles
- Spindle = fibres that form btwn centrioles
- Centrosomes pulled to opposite poles (by spindles)
- Each chromosome = 2 chromatids joined by centromere
- 15Metaphase (Mitosis in Animal Cells)- Nuclear membrane is disintegrated
- Chromosomes align on equator
- Spindle fibres attach to chromosomes at centromere
- 16Anaphase (Mitosis in Animal Cells)- Chromosomes split into sister chromatids
- Spindles pull daughter chromosomes (chromatids) to opposite poles
- 17Telophase (Mitosis in Animal Cells)- Cytokinesis
Cell membrane constricts at equator
- Nuclear membrane & nucleolus form in each daughter cell
- Each daughter cell has same number of chromosomes as parent cell
- 18After mitosis... (Mitosis in Animal Cells)- Cytoplasm pinches off btwn 2 daughter cells
- 1 Cell may divide again
1 Cell may become specialised tissue cell
Information
- Description
- Key cards on the process of mitosis, both in plants and animals
- Created by
- Lila de Wet
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