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Crude Oils and others quiz

Dale George Chemistry GCSE English 3.8Average rating 3.8 out of 5 (12 ratings) 71 cards

Cards in this deck (71)

  1. 1Why is crude oil a mixture?CONTAINS MANY HYDROCARBONS WHICH ARE NOT CHEMICALLY BONDED
  2. 2What process is used to separate crude oilFRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
  3. 3What is different about the compounds in the mixture which allow it to be separated in this way?THEY HAVE DIFFERENT BOILING POINTS
  4. 4Explain Fractional Distillation of Crude OilCRUDE OIL IS EVAPORATED AT THE BASE OF THE COLUMN
    THE VAPOUR RISES AND CONDENSES AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
    THE CONDENSED OIL IS LET OUT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE COLUMN
  5. 5Trends of crude oil molecules?SHORTER MOLECULES = MORE RUNNY AND LESS VISCOUS
    SHORTER MOLECULES = MORE VOLATILE (EASIER TO EVAPORATE)
    SHORTER MOLECULE = MORE FLAMMABLE
  6. 6Consequences of crude oil use?OIL SPILLS CAN OCCUR WHICH CAN KILL OR AFFECT ANIMALS. BURNING OIL IS A CAUSE FOR GLOBAL WARMING, ACID RAIN AND GLOBAL DIMMING
  7. 7What is the general formula for alkanes?CnH2n+2
  8. 8What is the general formula for alkenes?CnH2n
  9. 9What is the difference between alkanes and alkenes?ALKANES ARE SATURATED AND ALKENES ARE UNSATURATED
    ALKENES HAVE A DOUBLE BOND AND ALKANES HAVE A SINGLE BOND
  10. 10What is a hydrocarbon?A COMPOUND WITH HYDROGEN AND CARBON ATOMS ONLY.
  11. 11What type of bond is between the C and H atoms in hydrocarbons?COVALENT
  12. 12What pollutant causes global dimming?PARTICULATES
  13. 13What two pollutants cause acid rain?SULPHUR DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN OXIDE
  14. 14Why do nitrogen and oxygen react in car engines?DUE TO HIGH TEMPERATURES THEY REACT
  15. 15What environmental problem is caused by carbon dioxide?GLOBAL WARMING
  16. 16What is produced in incomplete combustion?CARBON MONOXIDE
  17. 17Name a biofuelBIODIESEL OR ETHANOL
  18. 18How are these produced?FROM PLANT MATERIAL
  19. 19What is it called when long chain hydrocarbons are broken down into smaller ones?CRACKING
  20. 20What are the conditions used for cracking?HIGH TEMPERATURE (400 to 700oC) AND CATALYST
  21. 21How many bonds can carbon form?4
  22. 22What reagent is used to test for saturation?BROMINE WATER
  23. 23Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated?UNSATURATED
  24. 24What happens if you add bromine water to alkenes?GOES FROM ORANGE TO COLOURLESS
  25. 25What about if you add it to an alkane?STAYS ORANGE (NO REACTION)
  26. 26What is it called when small alkene monomers join to make a long chain?POLYMERISATION
  27. 27What must happen before the alkenes can join together?DOUBLE BOND BREAKS
  28. 28What does non biodegradable mean?CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN BY MICROORGANISMS
  29. 29Why is this a problem for plastics?THEY TAKE UP SPACE IN LAND FILL SITES
  30. 30What do products are formed when sugars are fermented?ETHANOL AND CARBON DIOXIDE
  31. 31Give one more way of making ethanolHYDRATION OF ETHENE WITH STEAM IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST
  32. 32Uses of polymers in industry-NEW PACKAGING MATERIALS
    -WATERPROOF COATING
    -WOUND DRESSINGS
    -SMART MATERIALS
  33. 33Give some features of copperGOOD CONDUCTOR OF ELECTRICITY AND HEAT
    UNREACTIVE WITH WATER
    USED FOR WIRING AND PLUMBING
    CAN BE BENT BUT HARD ENOUGH FOR PIPES
  34. 34What is Oxidation?ADDING OXYGEN TO A SUBSTANCE
  35. 35What is Reduction?LOSS OF OXYGEN FROM A SUBSTANCE
  36. 36What and how is used to detect CO2?LIMEWATER IS USED TO DETECT CO2 AND TURNS CLOUDY IF IT IS PRESENT
  37. 37What are features of a transition metal?ALLOWS HEAT AND ELECTRICITY TO PASS
  38. 38Name 4 alkanes-METHANE
    -ETHANE
    -PROPANE
    -BUTANE
  39. 39How many Carbon atoms are there in Propane?3
  40. 40How many Carbon atoms are there in Butane?4
  41. 41How many Carbon atoms are there in Methane?1
  42. 42How many Carbon atoms are there in Ethane?2
  43. 43What can crude oil be used for?CENTRAL HEATING IN HOMES, ELECTRICITY IN POWER STATIONS
  44. 44Advantages of using biofuelsINCREASED INCOME FOR FARMERS
    LOWER FUEL PRICES
  45. 45Disadvantages of using biofuelsREQUIRES MORE PEOPLE TO PRODUCE IT
  46. 46What is the polymerised version of Propene?Polypropene
  47. 47How is oil extracted from plants and vegetables?THEY ARE CRUSHED BY PRESSING OR DISTILLATION AND OIL IS EXTRACTED
  48. 48Why is oil used for cooking rather than water?OIL HAVE A HIGHER BOILING POINT AND ADDS FLAVOUR
    PROVIDES ENERGY
  49. 49How many one C=C bonds do monounsaturated fats contain?1
  50. 50Do polyunsaturated fats contain more than one C=C bond?YES
  51. 51How are unsaturated vegetable oils hydrogenated?THEY ARE REACTED WITH HYDROGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF A NICKEL CATALYST AT ABOUT 60oC
  52. 52How does hydrogen affect bonds in unsaturated vegetable oils?THEY BREAK OPEN THE DOUBLE BONDED CARBONS
  53. 53Why are vegetable oils hardened?SO THEY CAN BE USED AS SPREADS LIKE BUTTER
  54. 54What are some advantages of hardening vegetable oils?THEY HAVE A HIGHER MELTING POINT, ARE CHEAPER AND CAN LAST LONGER
  55. 55What is the disadvantage of hydrogenating vegetable oils?IT CAN LEAVE THE OIL WITH TRANSFATS WHICH ARE BAD FOR YOUR HEALTH
  56. 56What are emulsifiers?THEY ARE SUBSTANCES WHICH KEEP SUBSTANCES TOGETHER
  57. 57What are the features of an emulsifier?THEY HAVE A HYDROPHILIC HEAD (ATTRACTED TO WATER) AND A HYDROPHOBIC TAIL (ATTRACTED TO OIL)
  58. 58Explain how an emulsifier worksTHE HYDROPHOBIC TAIL DISSOLVES IN THE OIL AND THE HYDROPHILIC HEAD IS ATTRACTED TO THE WATER.
    THIS ALLOWS THE HEAD TO LATCH ONTO THE WATER WHILE THE TAIL IS JOINED TO THE OIL CAUSING THE OIL AND WATER TO NOT SEPARATE OUT
  59. 59Features of an emulsifier in foodPROVIDES BETTER TEXTURE
    GIVES COATING ABILITY AND APPEARANCE
  60. 60Things which have emulsifiers in them?SALAD DRESSINGS, ICE CREAM, COSMETICS AND PAINT
  61. 61How are convection currents produced?CAUSED BY RADIOACTIVE PROCESSES IN THE MANTLE RELEASING HEAT
  62. 62What was the Earth like in the first billion years?INTENSE VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
    GASES FORMED FROM ERUPTIONS
  63. 63Atmosphere in the Early atmosphere?MOSTLY CO2 AND LITTLE OXYGEN
    SMALL PROPORTIONS OF WATER VAPOUR, METHANE AND AMMONIA
  64. 64Reasons why there is little CO2 in the atmosphere today?ABSORBED BY PLANTS IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS
    ABSORBED BY SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    DISSOLVED IN OCEANS
  65. 65Explain the Miller-Urey Primordial Soup TheoryMIXTURE OF WATER, AMMONIA, METHANE AND HYDROGEN INTO A STERILE FLASK. MIXTURE IS HEATED TO PRODUCE WATER VAPOUR. ELECTRIC SPARKS PASSED THROUGH MIXTURE OF WATER VAPOUR AND GASES TO STIMULATE LIGHTNING
    AFTER A WEEK, AMINO ACIDS WERE FOUND IN THE FLASK WHICH WERE SHOWN TO PRODUCE ORGANIC MATTER
  66. 66Explain the process of fractionally distilling airAIR IS FILTERED TO REMOVE DUST
    IT IS COOLED TO -200oC TO BECOME A LIQUID
    WATER VAPOUR CONDENSES AND IS REMOVED
    CO2 FREEZES AND IS REMOVED
    LIQUIFIED AIR ENTERS THE COLUMN AND IS HEATED SLOWLY
    REMAINING GASES ARE SEPARATED, OXYGEN AND ARGON COME OUT OF A SEPARATE COLUMN
  67. 67Where do earthquakes and/ volcanic eruptions occur?BETWEEN TECTONIC PLATES
  68. 68What happens to hydrogen and carbon during combustion of hydrocarbons?They are oxidised
  69. 69What was the aim of the Miller Urey Experiment?To see if today's substances could be made in those conditions
  70. 703 advantages of using plastic bags made of poly etheneBags can be reused
    Money charged can be used for good causes
    Can be burnt for heat
  71. 713 disadvantages of using plastic bags made of poly etheneCan take years to biodegrade
    Landfill space limited
    Production of polyethene releases CO2 = global warming

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Description
Some questions on some of C1 for revision
Created by
Dale George
Views
434
Rating
Average rating 3.8 out of 5 (12 ratings)

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