Flashcards
4.6.2 Control of water and ion content of the body
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1How does water leave the body?Via the lungs when we breathe out
Via the skin when we sweat
Excess water is removed via the kidneys in the urine - 2How are urea and ions removed from the body?Via the skin when we sweat
Excess ions are removed via the kidneys in the urine - 3What happens to excess amino acids in the liver?They are deaminated to form ammonia, which is converted into urea for excretion
- 4What happens to poisonous substances in the liver?They are detoxified
Breakdown products excreted in the urine via the kidneys - 5What happens to old blood cells in the liver?They are broken down and the iron is stored
- 6What happens in a healthy kidney?Blood is filtered
Glucose reabsorbed
Dissolved ions needed by body reabsorbed
As much water as the body needs is reabsorbed
Urea, excess ions and excess water released as urine - 7What happens if the water content of the blood is too low?Pituitary gland releases a hormone called ADH into the blood
Causes kidneys to reabsorb more water
Results in more concentrated urine - 8What happens if the water content of the blood is too high?Less ADH is released into the blood
Less water reabsorbed in the kidneys
Results in a more dilute urine - 9How may people who suffer from kidney failure be treated?Organ transplant
Kidney Dialysis - 10What does kidney dialysis do?Restores the concentrations of dissolved substances in the blood to normal levels
- 11How often does dialysis have to be carried out?At regular intervals
- 12What happens in a dialysis machine?A persons blood flows through partially permeable membranes
- 13What concentration of useful substances does dialysis fluid contain?The same concentration as the blood of a person without kidney disease
- 14What does this ensure?That glucose and useful mineral ions are not lost
Harmful substances such as urea pass out from the blood into dialysis fluid - 15What are the advantages of a kidney transplant?Patients can lead a more normal life without having to watch what they eat or drink
Cheaper for the NHS overall - 16What are the disadvantages of a kidney transplant?Must take immune-suppressant drugs which increase the risk of infection
Shortage of organ donors
Kidney only lasts 8-9 years on average
Any operation carries risks - 17What are the advantages of kidney dialysis?Available to all kidney patients (no shortage)
No need for immune-suppressant drugs - 18What are the disadvantages of kidney dialysis?Patient must limit their salt and protein intake between dialysis sessions
Expensive for the NHS
Regular dialysis sessions – impacts on the patient’s lifestyle
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- GCSE Biology (4 Human Biology) Flashcards on 4.6.2 Control of water and ion content of the body, created by Anisha Rai on 22/04/2016.
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- Anisha Rai
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