Flashcards
Forearm and Elbow Procedure
Cards in this deck (93)
- 1—A. proximal radioulnar joint
B. olecranon process
C. coronoid process
D. coronoid tubercle
E. body/shaft
F. ulna
G. ulnar notch
H. head
I. styloid process
J. distal radioulnar joint
K. styloid process
L. radius
M. body/shaft
N. radial tuberosity
O. neck
P. head
Q. radial notch (on ulna) - 2—a. radius
b. ulna
c. trapezium
d. trapezoid
e. capitate
f. hamate
g. scaphoid
h. lunate
i. triquetrium
j. pisiform
k. capitulum
l. olecranon process
m. medial epicondyle
n. radial head
o. coronoid tubercle
p. radial tuberosity
- 3—A. humerus
B. coronoid fossa
C. medial epicondyle
D. humeral condyle
E. trochlea
F. trochlear sulcus
G. radial head
H. capitulum
I. lateral epicondyle
J. radial fossa
- 4—A. medial epicondyle
B. trochlea
C. coronoid tubercle
D. radial head
E. capitulum
F. lateral epicondyle
H. olecranon process
- 5—A. radial and coronoid fossas
B. capitulum
C. trochlea
D. coronoid process
E. radial tuberosity
F. radial neck
G. radial head
H. trochlear sulcus
I. trochlear notch
J. olecranon process
K. epicondyle
L. olecranon fossa
- 6—G. superimposed epicondyles of humerus
I. trochlear sulcus
J. trochlear notch
K. outer ridges of capitulum and trochlea
L. coronoid process of ulna
M. radial head
N. radial neck
- 7—PROXIMAL ULNA
A. olecranon process
B. trochlear notch
C. coronoid process
D. radial notch (lateral)
- 8—A. ginglymus (hinge) joint
B. trochoidal (pivot) joint
- 9—A. trapezoid
B.. trapezium
C. capitate
D. scaphoid
E. hamulus
F. hamate
G. triquetrium
H. pisiform
I. lunate
J. ulna
- 10—A. scaphoid
B. lunate
C. capitate
E. trapezium
- 11—a. outer ridges of capitulum and trochlea
b. trochlear notch
c. trochlear sulcus
- 12—1. trochlear sulcus
2. outer ridges of capitulum and trochlea
3. trochlear notch
- 13—C. anterior fat pad
D. posterior fat pad
E. supinator fat stripe (not visible)
- 14—AP no rotation
radius and ulna partially superimposed
- 15—AP Lateral Rotation
separation of radius and ulna
- 16—AP Medial Rotation
superimposed radius and ulna
- 17—A. Supination
B. Pronation
- 18—1. Bennett's Fx
2. Boxer's Fx
3. Barton's Fx
4. Colle's Fx
- 19—Smith's Fx
- 20—Incomplete Fx
- 21—Baseball (Mallet) Fx
- 22—Nursemaid's (Jerked) Elbow
- 23—Epiphyseal Fx
- 24OsteoarthritisDegenerative Joint Disease
deterioration of the articular cartilage with hypertrophic bone formation - 25OsteomyelitisInfection of bone or bone marrow
- 26Osteopetrosishereditary disease
abnormally dense bone - 27OsteoporosisAtrophy of skeletal tissues
- 28BursitisInflammation of the bursae
- 29Bone Metastasesthe spread of cancer from bone and bone marrow to another body part
- 30carpal tunnel syndromecompression of the median nerve
- 31joint effusionaccumulated synovial or hemorrhagic fluid in the joint cavity
- 32rheumatoid arthritischronic inflammatory changes throughout connective tissues of the wrist and metacarpals
most common in women rather than men - 33Paget's Diseasedestruction of bone followed by reparative process of overproduction of very dense yet soft bones that fx easily
- 34Increase your technique __ - __ kV for small - medium dry plaster casts5 - 7 kV
- 35increase your technique __ - __ kV for large or wet plaster casts8 - 10 kV
- 36increase your technique by __ - __ kV for fiberglass casts3 - 4 kV
- 37DislocationDisplacement of bone from a joint
- 38SubluxationPartial dislocation
- 39SprainRupture or tearing of connective tissues
- 40Contusionbruise without Fx
- 41Simple Fxclosed
- 42Compound Fxopen, breaks through skin
- 43Comminuted FxSplintered or crushed
- 44Impacted Fxfragments driven into each other
- 45What are the routine exams of the forearm?AP
Lateral - 46What is wrong if there is excessive separation between the radius and ulna on an AP forearm projection?Excessive Lateral Rotation
- 47AP Forearm60-75 kV
40 SID
14x17 IR nongrid
CR @ mid forearm
MUST SEE
entire radius/ulna
humeral epicondyles
slight superimposition of distal radioulnar joint
- 48Lateral Forearm60-75 kV
40 SID
14x17 IR nongrid
CR @ mid forearm
MUST SEE
90 degree elbow flex
entire radius/ulna
head of ulna superimposed over radius
- 49What are the routine exams of an elbow?AP
Lateral Oblique
Medial Oblique
Lateral - 50AP Elbow Fully Extended60-75 kV
40 SID
14x17 IR nongrid
CR @ mid-elbow joint
MUST SEE
entire elbow joint
very slight superimposition of radial head by the ulna
- 51For the two AP Elbow partial flex projections, if the patient cannot extend elbow, and it remains at almost 90 degrees, what should you do?angle the CR 10-15 degrees into the elbow
- 52AP Elbow Partial Flex with humerus parallel (patient cannot fully extend elbow - 2 projections)60-75 kV
40 SID
14x17 IR nongrid
CR @ mid-elbow
MUST SEE
distal humerus
- 53AP Elbow partial flex forearm parallel (2nd projection)60-75 kV
40 SID
14x17 IR nongrid
CR @ mid-elbow
MUST SEE
proximal radius/ulna
- 54Which elbow projection/position best demonstrates the radial neck-head with only slight superimposition?AP Oblique - lateral rotation
- 55Which elbow projection/position best demonstrates the coronoid process?AP Oblique - medial rotation
- 56Which fat pad of the elbow will only appear on x-ray if there's a joint pathologic process?Posterior Fat Pad
- 57Why does the elbow need to be in 90 degree flexion to determine whether the posterior fat pad is visible or not?When elbow is flexed more or less than 90 degrees it pushes the fat pad into different position, it can show up on x-ray then when there's no pathologic issue
- 58for an AP forearm, the distal humeral epicondyles are _____ to the IRparallel
- 59For the lateral forearm, the distal humeral epicondyles are _____, or _____ over the IRSuperimposed
Perpendicular - 60Epicondyles must be _____ to the IR for an AP fully extended elbow projection.Parallel
- 61AP Oblique Lateral (External) Rotation60-75 kVp
40 SID
10x12 IR nongrid
CR @ midelbow joint
MUST SEE
Radial head, neck, and tuberosity , lateral epicondyle and capitulum in profile
- 62AP Oblique Medial (Internal) Rotation60-75 kVp
40 SID
10x12 IR nongrid
CR @ midelbow joint
MUST SEE
coronoid process, trochlea, and medial epicondyle
- 63AP Lateral Elbow60-75 kVp
40 SID
10x12 IR nongrid
CR @ midelbow joint
MUST SEE
3 concentric arcs, olecranon process
- 64What are some special projections of the elbow?Acute Flexion
Trauma Axial (Coyle Method)
Radial Head Laterals - 65Acute Flexion (1st Projection) CR perpendicular to Humerus60-75 kVp
40 SID
10x12 IR nongrid
CR perpendicular to IR and distal humerus, midway between epicondyles
- 66Acute Flexion (2nd Projection) CR Perpendicular to proximal forearm60-75 kVp
40 SID
10x12 IR nongrid
CR perpendicular to forearm - 2 in superior to olecranon process
- 67Why would you perform an acute flexion projection?Looking for moderate dislocations of elbow and patient cannot move elbow
- 68Trauma Axial Lateral *Coyle Method* for radial headelbow flexed 90 degrees*
CR angled 45 degrees toward the shoulder
- 69Trauma Axial Lateral *Coyle Method* for coronoid processelbow flexed 80 degrees*
CR angled 45 degrees away from the shoulder
- 70Why would you perform the Coyle Method?When there's trauma to the radial head or coronoid processes
- 71COYLE METHOD alternative view supine, CR angled 45 degrees to the shoulder, elbow flexed 90 degreesto view Radial Head
- 72COYLE METHOD alternative view supine, CR angled 45 degrees away from the shoulder, elbow flexed 80 degreesto view Coronoid Process
- 73What is the only difference among the four radial head lateral projections of the elbow?the rotational positioning of the wrist
exposure factors stay the same - 74—
- 75—
- 76—
- 77—
- 78Why would you perform any of the 4, or all 4 of the radial head lateral views?To view occult Fx's of the radial head or neck
- 79Some sites use this projection as part of their routine elbow series. Which one is it?"Radial Head View"
Trauma Axial Lateral - Coyle Method - Radial Head
- 80According to the textbook, the CR is perpendicular to the IR and humerus, directed to a point midway between epicondyles for ______ when the elbow is in acute flexion.Acute Flexion of Distal Humerus
- 81How many exposures are required for the AP Acute Flexion series?2 projections:
Acute Flexion of Distal Humerus
Acute Flexion of Proximal Forearm - 82How much is the elbow flexed for a Trauma Axial Lateral Projection (Coyle Method) to demonstrate the coronoid process?80 Degrees
- 83Which oblique elbow projection best demonstrates the coronoid process?AP Oblique projection - Medial rotation
- 84Which oblique elbow projection best demonstrates the radial head and neck?AP Oblique projection - Lateral rotation
- 85Which elbow projection best demonstrates pathologic issues such as osteomyelitis and arthritis?Lateral Elbow projection (lateromedial)
- 86According to the textbook, the CR perpendicular to the forearm (angling CR as needed), directed to a point 2 in proximal or superior to the olecranon process, with the elbow in acute flexion, indicates which projection/position?Acute Flexion Elbow - Proximal Forearm
- 87Which trauma axial elbow projection has the elbow flexed 80 degrees? And what specific anatomy is this projection demonstrating? Which way is the tube angled for this projection?Trauma Axial Lateral - Coronoid Process
45 degrees away from the elbow - 88Which Trauma Axial Lateral projection has the elbow in 90 degree flexion with the hand pronated? What specific anatomy does this projection demonstrate? Which way is the tube angled for this?Trauma Axial Lateral - Radial Head
45 degrees towards the shoulder - 89Which projection/position best demonstrates occult fractures or the radial head or neck?any 4 of the Radial Head Laterals
- 90How is the CR angled for the radial head lateral view?45 degrees towards the shoulder
- 91What is in profile for a lateral oblique elbow?radial head
radial neck
capitulum - 92What anatomy is in profile for a medial oblique elbow?trochlea
coronoid
semilunar notch - 93For the axial radial head view, how is the hand positioned?pronated
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- ARRT Radiologic Procedures I Flashcards on Forearm and Elbow Procedure, created by RadTech Fairy on 18/10/2016.
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