Atomic Structure notes
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This Atomic Structure page on GoConqr gathers notes on atoms, the periodic table and electronic configuration. With over 230 notes from more than 180 users, it offers mostly secondary-level material for school students revising atomic structure and teachers choosing revision resources. Pick a note to start exploring.
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- Atoms, Elements and Compounds233
- Atomic Theory and Models276
- Subatomic Particles92
- Isotopes and Atomic Mass225
- Mass Spectrometry50
- Electron Configuration and Shells163
- Atomic Orbitals and Quantum Numbers55
- Emission Spectra and Flame Tests8
- Ions120
- Periodic Table and Trends317
- Ionisation Energy64
- Chemical Bonding163
- Separating Mixtures17
- Radioactivity11
- Moles and Quantitative Chemistry10
Notes
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Atomic Structure Atomic Structure Dalton Atoms are small indivisible particles Atoms of different elements vary in mass The law of conservation of mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed over t...
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Isotopes Characteristics of Isotopes they are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons(as shown below) isotopes have the same proton number but different nucleo...
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Electrons Two theories of how electrons act: Bohr Planetary: Electrons act like planets circling nucleus. Quantum Mechanical: Electrons act like waves and like particles. Energy is quantized, i.e, in...
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Valence Electrons Valence Electrons A chemical reaction involves either electron removal, electron addition, or electron sharing. Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied principal energy level of an atom. In t...
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Rules for Electronic Configuration Aufbau pirnciple: Rules for Electronic Configuration Electrons must fill orbitals starting with the lowest energy level available. The order is shown in the image to the right.
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Unit 2.1 Inside the Atom Introduction Every Substance in world are made up of atoms. An atom is smallest uncharged that take place in chemical reaction but atoms are still made out of smaller particles call subatomic particles.At the centre o...
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The Periodic Table In the periodic table, each group has its own charge, for example, group 1 has a charge of +1 and group 2 has a charge of +2. With these charges you can work out what the formula looks for each element. For example, m...
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The Electron: Subatomic Particles Subatomic particles = the particles that make up the atom Protons Neutrons Electrons Unified atomic mass unit: Used to express atomic and molecular masses Symbol = u 1 u = 1.66 x 10*-27 Equal to the mass of a proton o...
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The Fundamental Ideas In Chemistry - created from Mind Map Atoms And Elements The Periodic Table Atomic Structure
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Atomic Structure- Intro There are electrons, neutrons and protons in an atom. These are called the subatomic particles which every atom is made of. Electrons are the in the outer shell of the atom and protect the nucleus. Electrons have a re...
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Electronic Configuration New theories show that: Each principle quantum shell consists of energy sub-levels that are labelled s,p,d and f. The number of sub-levels in a shell depend on the principal quantum shell. An orbital is the volume of ...
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The Atom An atom is made up of three different parts: protons, neutrons and electrons.Protons are located in the nucleus, have a mass of 1 a.m.u (atomic mass unit) and have a positive charge (+1)Neutrons are located in the nuc...
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Untitled Electrons and atoms Bohr was the one that did the best modification. A quantum of energy is the amount of energy required to move an electron of level. This model detected that electrons move around circles. The ...
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Atomic Structure Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons.Same atomic number = different mass number.Have same chemical properties due to same number of electrons.Have different...
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Atoms and Electron Structure Atoms and Electron StructureAtomic StructureThe nucleus contains almost all of an atom because that is where the protons are found. The nucleus of an atom contains all of the positive charge and the electrons are nega...
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Atoms and Ions Atomic Mass - Number of Protons + NeutronsAtomic Number - Number of Protons (Also number of electrons)Atomic mass is always the largest number on a chemical element, Atomic number is smaller.DRAWING ELEMENTS-Inner ele...
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Mass Spectrometer Mass Spectrum -(Eg. Magnesium)A sample of magnesium vapour is fed into a mass spectrometer and is bombarded by high energy electrons in the ionisation region. These electrons knock off electrons from the magnesium to ...
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Chemistry - Atoms Atoms All atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.Mass number - the number of protons + neutronsAtomic number - the number of protons in the nucleusIsotope - an element with the same number of protons but...
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Atomic Structure and Isotopes revision note Atomic StructureAtomic Orbital = region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electronAn atomic orbital holds a maximum of 2 electrons1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p .....Isotopes Identical chemical propert...
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chem notes Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams used to represent atoms Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level. Number of valence electrons determines property The electrons are involved in bondi...
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Ionisation Energy - created from Mind Map Ionisation Energy needed to form positive ions First Ionisation Energy
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Atomic Structure Atomic structure Atoms are made up of three smaller particles called protons, neutrons and electrons. Table 3.1 shows the mass and electric charge of these particles. The mass is shown as relative mass, which is the m...
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Atomic Structure (1C) Protons and Neutrons are found in the Nucleus and the Electrons orbit around the Nucleus in shells, as shown here Isotopes are elements that differ in the number of Neutrons only! Relative Abundance
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Chapter 4 What does the nucleus of an atom contain? Protons and Neutrons Why does each element produce a different line spectrum?Each element produces a different line spectrumas different elements emits different wavelengths o...
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factors affecting Ionisation energies Factors affecting Ionisation EnergiesThere are 3 major factors :Atomic Radius -the greater the atomic radius the smaller the nuclear attraction experienced by the outer electronsNuclear ChargeThe greater the nuclear c...
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atoms ions and compounds All notes summarised from Kerboodle OCR A chemistry book year 1 The atom consists of a nucleus made up of two different types of subatomic particle protons and neutrons. The third type of subatomic part...
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AP Chemistry: Topic 2 - created from Mind Map atoms molecules ions
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The History of the Atom The word Atom comes from the term átomos, which means 'uncuttable' In 1805, the English philosopher John Dalton suggested that each element consists of unique atoms Ernest Rutherford named the proton in 1920...
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Radioisotopes
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chap5&6 + QA Testing for gasesNH3 - ammoniacolour odour: colourless and pungent smelltest: put moist red litmus paper near the mouth of the test tube observation: red litmus paper turn blueCO2 - carbon dioxide colour odour: colour...
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ISOTOPES cHEMISTRY rEVIEW AND ISOTOPES Matter- is composed of atoms, it is anything that has mass and occupies spaces Atoms are composed of small particles:Table 1: Basic Characteristics of the subatomic particles Subatomic Ch...
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Atomic Particles Notes an atom is the smallest particle of an elementthe three smaller subatomic particles that make up an atom are electrons, protons, and neutrons.protons are located in the nucleus along with neutrons. electrons are locat...
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Untitled atomic structure elements in the periodic table are measured in order of increasing atomic number Electronic configurationelectrons are arranged in an orded fashion each shell can hold a maximum number of electrons Ru...
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Electrons in Atoms Electrons in Atoms The scientific use mathematical models to describe the position of electrons in atoms because sometimes is easier to see the model. The limitation of Rutherford's atomic model is that it explained o...
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ATOMS - created from Mind Map AtomsSmallest particle Cannot be broken down further Scanning tunelling microscope gives us 3d look of electrons AtomsSmallest particle Cannot be broken down further Scanning tunelling microscope shows 3d electr...
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Atomic structure the nuclear model of atoms includes the electrons orbiting in shells around the nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons. particle relative charge relative massproton ...
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Chemistry SL 1- November 12, 2014 2.3.1 Describe the electromagnetic spectrum.The electromagnetic spectrum 2.3.2 Distinguish between a continuous spectrum and a line spectrum. 2.3.3 Explain how the lines in the emission spectrum of hydroge...
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Untitled Atoms and elements The periodic table ontains protons and electrons protons are positively charged neutrons have no charge nucleus has a positive charge overall because of protons tiny compared to the rest of the atom...
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Electrons in Atom The atomic model presented in this textbook has considered atoms as consissting o protons and neutrons aking up a nucleus surrounded by electrons. Ruthefords model explained only a few simple properties of atoms. It c...
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2.3 Electronic structure and the Periodic Table Electron Shells Electron move so rapidly that we cannot tell where they are at any point in time so we make a simple model to represent it. We imagine in spherical position having circular around the nucleus these orb...