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Learning Chapter 11 (Grivas, 2004)
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- 1LearningA relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of experience, on-going throughout the lifespan, enabling us to cope in an ever-changing world.
- 2ChangeAn important part of the definition of learning, because something must be different about an organism after learning has taken place.
- 3ReflexAutomatic, involuntary behaviour that does not require prior experience and occurs in the same way each time.
- 4Maturation...is a developmental process leading towards maturity, based on an orderly sequence of changes that occurs in the nervous system and other bodily structures controlled by genetic inheritance.
These responses generally appear at predictable in development (unless there is an undue interference form an environmental factor) - 5Conditioning...is a form of learning that emphasises the relationship between stimuli and responses. Often used inter-changeably with 'learning' but is more to do with HOW the learning occurs.
- 6Classical conditioningKnown as respondent conditioning.
- 7Operant conditioningInstrumental conditioning
- 8Observational learningLearning by watching someone else perform the behaviour.
- 9Learning setThe improvement in learning a new task that results from the prior learning of another, similar task.
- 10StimuliEvents that trigger responses.
- 11Hypothetical constructA model used to describe or explain something that is believed to exist or occur but cannot be directly observed.
- 12PerformancePsychologists observe behaviour or performance, to gain an understanding of the learning process.
- 13Learning curveA learning curve shows the increase in performance that occurs over the period of time that the task is practised.
- 14PlateauA period of limited progress in the learning process
- 15PlateauA period of limited progress in the learning process
- 16Habituation...is learning not to respond to a stimulus or even that occurs repeatedly.
It is regarded as the simplest of all forms of learning and reflects the fact that the organism has become familiar with or accustomed to a particular stimulus over time. - 17Imprinting...is a form of learning in animals rather than an inborn tendency (instinct) to follow a moving object.
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- Tasmania - Tasmanian Certificate of Education (TCE) Psychology Fichas sobre Learning Chapter 11 (Grivas, 2004), creado por jacindabrown15 el 23/06/2013.
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