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Memory
Fichas del conjunto (19)
- 1Coding, capacity and durationCoding, capacity and duration
- 2Who researched coding, capacity and duration?Baddeley
- 3Define codingProcess of converting information from one form to another
- 4Explain research into codingGave a different set of words to 4 groups
Pp asked to recall the words in order
Recalled immediately to test STM, did worst with acoustically similar words
Thus STM is stored acoustically
Recalled after 20 minutes to test LTM, did worst with semantically similar words
Thus LTM is stored semantically - 5Define capacityThe quantity of information that can be stored in the memory at one time
- 6Explain research into capacityDigital span
Researcher gives pp 4 digits, asks pp to recall them in order and then increased the amount of digits given
Mean number span is 9, mean letter span is 7, suggests capacity of STM is 7 +/- 2
"Chunking" helps us to remember - 7Define durationThe length of time information can be held in the memory stores
- 8Explain research into duration of STM24 students given a trigram and a 3 digit number to remember
Waited 20 seconds while counting backwards in 3s to prevent rehearsal
Struggled to remember, shows the STM has short duration without rehearsal - 9Explain research into duration of LTM392 pp aged 17-74 from Ohio recall names from school photobooks
15 years after graduation, 90% accurate
63 years after graduation, 60% accurate
Shows LTM lasts a long time - 10Give 3 evaluation pointsArtificial stimuli - lacks external validity
Tested many years ago - early psychology lacked control, confounding variables were not controlled
Chunking - high external validity, this is how we remember phone numbers - 11The multi-store model
- 12What is the multi-store model?A diagram that describes informational flows through the memory system
- 13What is the sensory register?Duration of half a second, high capacity
Receives stimuli from the environment and filters it into one of its 2 main stores
Iconic - visual coded visually
Echoic - auditory coded acoustically - 14What is the short term memory store?Limited capacity store
Requires maintenance rehearsal to remember information and transfer it into the LTM store - 15What is the long term memory store?Potentially permanent, unlimited capacity
Contains information that has been rehearsed for a prolonged period of time
To recall information from the LTM, it must be retrieved and moved back to the STM - 16Give 3 evaluation points on the multi-store modelResearch support - we mix up similar sounding words in STM, words with similar meanings in LTM, proves separate stores
Case study - KF struggled reading aloud, can read mentally, proves separate stores
Elaborative rehearsal - linking information to existing knowledge is required for LTM, not mentioned in multi-store model - 17Types of long-term memoryTypes of long-term memory
- 18What are the 3 main types of long-term memory?Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Procedural memory - 19What is
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- A level Psychology Fichas sobre Memory, creado por Rebecca Bailey el 29/05/2018.
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- Rebecca Bailey
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