Fichas
Sin título
Fichas del conjunto (55)
- 1International Relations - What year did Germany become a country in?1871.
- 2What were the Great Powers of Europe?Great Britain, Germany, France, Russia and Austria-Hungary
- 3How did a country become great?They became great if they had a large army, strong ruler, they had to control an Empire (countries) and it had to be a large empire.
- 4At the beginning of the 20th Century, which country was the greatest power and why?Britain because it was very rich, was a powerful industrilised country. had the largest and powerful navy and had the largest overseas empire.
- 5How big was the British Empire?It covered over a quarter of the world's surface.
- 6Why did Britain begin to worry?Because Germany wanted to compete against Britain for the title as they had a larger population, more advanced industries, more natural resources, by 1913 they were selling more goods in Europe and their army was forever increasing.
- 7Explain the Franco-Prussian war (1870-71)Prussia was the largest empire and it wanted to unite all the states but France didn't allow this so they went to war. France lost the war and Prussia took land from France (Alsace and Lorraine). Prussia was now able to unite all the states and was then known as the German Empire.
- 8What happened in 1890?The German Chancellor was sacked by Kaiser Wilhelm II.
- 9What did Wilhelm want and what happened?He wanted Germany to be the most important country in the world and described it as seeking a place in the sun. He began to build an overseas empire in Africa but this annoyed France and Britain and he increased the size of his navy.
- 10France was not as industrilised as Germany or Britain as she produced less. She had a large army. France wanted revenge for the war.At this time, Russia was the largest country in the world. It had a population of 159 million. She didn't need an overseas empire and they had a large army. Russia wasn't as industrilised. They wanted to increase her influences in the Balkans but Russia wasn't the only Great Power interested in the Balkans.
- 11What was Austria-Hungary?It was a large empire in the centre of Europe and it consisted of many different groups of people and not all of them got on very well.
- 12Why was Austria-Hungary difficult to rule?Many of the groups had their own language and way of life.
- 13What did many of the groups want?They wanted to be independant from Austria-Hungary (nationalism)
- 14As well as Russia, who else was interested in the Balkans?Austria-Hungary.
- 15Define nationalism.It's a feeling of pride in one's country. A belif that there is something special about the people who live there, their language and customs.
- 16What was the problem with having so many great powers?It was bound to cause trouble at some point. For example, the Franco-Prussian war. All it would take was for one 'Great Power' to do something that wasn't deemed acceptable by the others for issues to arise.
- 17Formation of the Triple Entente - What had Russia and France been worried about?They were worried about the alliances (groups) which had been made against them.
- 18What did they do about it?They decided to form their own alliance in 1894 called the Franco-Russian Alliance.
- 19What did France and Russia promise each other?They promised to help each other militarily if they were attacked by another power like Germany.
- 20What does entente mean?It means an agreement to settle differences.
- 21What happened in 1904?As Britain began to get worried about this too, Britain and France signed the Dual Entente. This became known as the Entente Cordiale which settled differences between the two countries, especially in Eygpt and Morocco.
- 22What was splendid isolation?In the late 19th century, Britain thought that because of its status as the greatest of the great powers, it did not need to make alliances with other European countries. But when other countries began to make alliances (groups), Britain thought about her empire. She signed the Entente Cordiale with France.
- 23What was the Entente Cordiale with France that Britain signed?It was an agreement over the African colonies. This was followed by a similar agreement with Russia in 1907 which protected India. They formed the Triple Entente.
- 24What events brought it out of splendid isolation?In 1898, Germany began to develop her navy which surprised the British as they had no empire and had the strongest navy in Europe and many thought that the Germans were planning to challenge the British naval power and in 1899, the Boers in South Africa rebelled against Britain which lasted until 1902 and most of Europe sympathised with the Boers.
- 25What were the 3 reasons that Britain still didn't need a full ally (cooperation with another military)?They didn't require France as an ally at this point as problems in Egypt had been solved and her ally, Japan, was defeating Russia and Russia in the Far East and its navy had reached the three-power standard.
- 26Where did Britain and Russia overcome their differences to create the Triple Entente?Over Persia.
- 27How did Germany regard the Entente Cordiale and the Triple Entente?They feared that they were being encircled (surrounded) as part of a British policy.
- 28Why tension increased in Europe - what were the causes?France wanted Morocco and they were allowed a free hand in Morocco in 1904 by forming an alliance with Britain (Entente Cordiale). In 1905, the German Kaiser visited Morocco. Germany was building up its own African Empire. France planned to take over Morocco, so the Kaiser said that he would protect Morocco's independancce. The French were furious that the German's were interferring in their affairs.
- 29What events increased tension in Europe between 1900 and 1914?An International Conference was held in Algeciras in 1906 but it made things worse. The German Kaiser was humiliated as his views were rejected and he was treated as if he had no right to speak on the matter. Germany was alarmed at how Britain and France had stuck together at the conference.
- 30What were the consequences?Morocco was preserved as an independant state but France was given control over her police force and the arms supply.
- 31The crisis over the Balkans in Bosnia - what countries made up the Balkans?Serbia, Bulgaria, Bosnia, Albania and Greece.
- 32Who controlled the Balkans?Turkey controlled most of it but Turkey was weakening and its control lessened.
- 33What did Austria-Hungary want?They wanted parts in the Meditteranean but this was not the main reason.
- 34What did Austria-Hungary believe?They believed that if it controlled all of the Balkans then they would be able to control the Slavs. But not all Slavs lived in Serbia and many lived in Austria-Hungary and wanted to be part of Serbia.
- 35So what happened?Serbia stirred up nationalist feelings amongst these Slavs, who then began to cause trouble for Austria-Hungary. So they thought that if they controlled Serbia then the Slavs would stop causing trouble.
- 36What did Russia want?They were looking for naval parts in the Mediterranaen sea as well. This would make trade easier and if war broke out, it would mean her warships would not be stuck in the Black Sea.
- 37What were Russia scared about?They feared that if Austria-Hungary gained power over Constantinople, they would never get access to the Mediterranean.
- 38Why did Serbia support Russia?Russia had many Slavs living in it.
- 39What were the causes of the Bosnian Crisis in 1908?Russia and Austria bordered the countries in the Balkan regions as both wanted to control the area because it gave them access to the Meditteranean.
- 40What happened in 1908?It was annexed by Austria-Hungary and became part of the Austrian Empire but Serbia (an independant country) opposed this.
- 41What were the events in the Bosnian Crisis?Serbia wanted Bosnia to be independant too as Bosnia contained Slavs but Serbia was too small to do anything on its own so it looked to its ally Russia to help them. Russia supported Serbia until 1909. Russia backed off going to war to help Serbia gain Bosnia when Germany made it clear that if Russia declared war on Austria and Germany would declare war on Russia.
- 42What were the consequences of the Bosnian Crisis 1908?Austria-Hungary now felt confident that it could rely on German support, Russia had backed down but was determined not to do this again when the next crisis happened, Russia began building up its armies rapidly, Serbia had to accept that Bosnia was part of the Austrian Empire but did not look for an opportunity to get its own back on Austria, Italy had been concerned about Austria's actions and feared that it would get drawn into war so they became less enthusiastic about the Triple Alliance and it led to the assassination of Franz Ferdinand in 1914.
- 43What caused the Second Moroccan Crisis?In 1908, the French installed a pro French ruler in charge of Morocco. In 1911, there was a rebellion (riot) against the ruler of Morocco which was put down with French help. The French tried to taake over Morocco again as they wanted full control. France said that they would compensate (give something in return) Germany if its trade suffered as a result.
- 44What were the events in the Second Morrocan Crisis?Germany sent a gun boat called "The Panther" to Agadir. Britain was worried that Germany wanted to set up a naval base in Agadir and they didn't want German ships in the Meditteranean. Another conference was called.
- 45What were the consequences of the Second Morrocan Crisis?Britain and France stood firm against Germany again. France took control of Morocco. Germany was given 100,000 square miles of the French Congo in compensation but the land was mostly swamp and jungle. Britain and France signed a naval agreement that the French should patrol the Meditteranean and the Royal Navy would defend France's Atlantic and North Sea coasts.
- 46Why did Britain need a strong army?Because it was an island - it needed a navy to protect its coastline, to protest her vast overseas empire, Britain relied on trade with other nations so it needed the navy to protect its trade ships.
- 47What year did Germany begin to build its naval army?In 1898.
- 48How did the British respond to the German naval building programme?In 1904, the Royal Navy underwent a period of reform under the leadership of Sir John Fisher. He redistributed the Fleet so that the biggest and most powerful ships were situated closer to Britain in preparation for a war against Germany. In 1906, British government began its own naval building programme by launching HMS Dreadnought.
- 49What was the Dreadnought and how did it escalate the Naval Race?The Dreadnought was the naval building programme launched. The vessel made all existing battleships out of date. It carried 10 12 inch guns and was also the first battleship to be powered by steam turbines giving a top speed of 21 knots. This made it the fastest battleship in the world at the time. In addition, some of its armour plating was 30cm thick.
- 50By 1914, how many Dreadnoughts did Germany and Britain have?Britain had 29 and Germany had 17.
- 51What was the German reaction to the continuing naval race?A navy league had been set up and people contributed to the construction of the battleships out of their own money.
- 52What was the British reaction to the continuing naval race?A conservative MP wanted the pace and the quantity of the shipbuilding to be increased and he invented the phrase "we want 8 and we won't wait".
- 53How did Serbia increase tension in the Balkans between 1908 and 1914?Serbia wanted to expand, won the Balkan wars and they wanted Bosnia.
- 54What happened at Sarajevo?By 1914, there was a lot of tension. The Great Powers had been building their armies and navies and had become rivals over their empires and economies.
- 55What happened in Sarajevo on 28th June 1914?Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian throne, made an official visit to review the local troops at Sarajevo (capital of Bosnia Herzegovina). He was with his wife and was a popular figure in Austria but he had disappointed the royal famil by marrying a commoner. Several Serbian students (members of the Black Hand Gang) were waiting to kill the Archduke. They were nationalists (people who want political independance for their country) and hated Austria's dominance in the Balkans. Gavrilo Princep was armed with a revolver and was going to shoot him if Cabrinovic's bomb didn't kill him. The Serbian prime minister had warned the Austrian government about the likelihood of an attack and he knew that the Austrians were looking for an excuse to create a crisis with Serbia and wanted to avioid it all but he was unable to prevent them from attending. Cabrinovic threw the bomb and missed but still killed and injured 20 people. He attempted to commit suicide but it didn't work. Princep watched the car go past and thought the opportunity had been lost. Went to a cake shop n killed
Información
- Descripción
- GCSE History Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por daynamce el 17/12/2014.
- Creado por
- daynamce
- Visitas
- 0
- Valoración