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Psychology 20 Learning Unit
Fichas del conjunto (27)
- 1What is learning?Relatively permanent change in behaviour that results from experience
- 2What are the types of learning?Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditiong
Modeling - 3What is classical conditioning?Pavlov
Pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to create a conditioned stimulus
Now the conditioned stimulus leads to a conditioned response
Stimuli comes before - 4What is GeneralizationWhen a person or animal reacts to a second stimulus that is similiar to the original stimulus without prior training
- 5What is discrimination?The ability to respond differently to different stimuli
- 6What is extinction?The conditioned stimulus gradually dies out
- 7What is spontaneous recovery?When paired again, the now neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus again
- 8What is operant conditioningTo operate on a reinforcer
Operate on the likelyhood that you eill repeat a behaviour
Stimuli comes after - 9What is positive reinforcement?You enjoy the reward
Likely hood of behaviour happening again goes up - 10What is negative reinforcement?When the painful or unpleasent stimulus is removed or doesn't happen at all
Likelyhood of behaviour happening again goes up - 11What are the two types of negative reinforcement?Escape
Avoidance - 12What is escape?The unpleasent thing is already happening and you escape it
- 13What is avoidance?When the unpleasent thing doesn't even happen because you avoid it
- 14What is punishment? (give example)Likelyhood of behaviour happening again goes down
(Didn't doe chores, get punished, likelyhood of not doing chores again goes down) - 15What is Modeling?Copying a behaviour
- 16What are the types of modeling?Simple
Imitation
Disinhabition - 17What is simple modeling?Immediately doing the behaviour another person is doing without knowing why
- 18What is imitation?Learn what to do by watching others, then repeating their behaviour at a different time
- 19What is disinhabition?Doing what others have done in the face of danger or fear, but only if the person does it first
- 20What is shaping?The proccess in which reinforcement is used to sculpt new responses out of old ones
Gradually getting them to do something - 21What is a response chain?Hooking a sequence of behaviours together in response to the previous behaviour
- 22What are the factors that affect learning?Feedback
Transfer
Practice - 23What is feedback?The results of an action or performance
Without feedback we might repeat the same mistakes over and over again without learning correctly - 24What is transfer?Taking knowledge or a skill that you already have and applying it to learn something new
- 25What is practice?The repetition of a task
It helps pull things together and keep them together
Adds flow to an otherwise disjointed response - 26What is learned laziness?When a person learns the things come without effort and a reward is still applied
- 27What is learned helplessness?If the task is hard they won't try
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- 20 Psychology Fichas sobre Psychology 20 Learning Unit, creado por tenrulestennant el 16/01/2016.
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