Fichas
Attachment A03
Fichas del conjunto (11)
- 1Caregiver infant interactions-High control of variables and validity due to no babies so no DC and filmed.
-Difficult to distinguish between imitated and general activity. C&E.
-Failure to replicate - Koepke (1983)
- Positive implication. Crotwell (2013) PCI Therapy improved synchrony. - 2Stages of attachment- Longitudinal study so internally valid.
-Self report, reliability on data.
-Cant distinguish between secondary attachments and playmates. Bowlby, may be distressed when playmates leave the room
- Cross cultural validity - collectivist vs ind - 3Fathers role-Researchers are interested in different questions- some study the father as a primary/ some as a secondary attachment figure. This makes it hard to conclude the fathers role as we are trying to draw conclusions from evidence that is trying to answer different questions.
-Father’s role is overestimated. McCallum (2004) children growing up with single sex/single parents did not develop any differently to those who were from two parent families.
- Observer bias - stereotypical view of being playmate may influence what they see.
-Lacks temporal validity as stay at home dads has quadrupled in 25 years. May no longer be only 3% as primary a figures. - 4Strange Situation-high inter-rater reliability. uses standardised procedure, clearly defined behavioral categories, easy to replicate. Bick (2012) 94% agreement in one team.
-Lacks cross cultural validity
- Confounding variable of temperament. Kagan (1982)
-Doesn't represent all attachment types. M&S (1986) Disorganised - 5Cultural variations- Large sample - meta-analysis - 2000 infants 32 studies
-Cross cultural validity due to biased methodology.
-Compared countries not cultures. Izjendoorn and Sagi (2001) similar attachment types in urban Tokyo as in western culture.
-Confounding variable of measuring differences in temperament across cultures. - 6Learning theory-SE from Ross (1975)
- Refuted by Harlow (1959) food importance overestimated.
-Limitation - This theory is developed from research studying animals. Human babies develop speech like communication (babbling), which may have an impact on the formation of attachments
- Cannot explain all attachment behaviours. M&M-innate - 7Bowlby Monotropy-SE from Lorenz for critical period
-SE for social releasers M&M
- Role of attachment type on later life is overemphasised. Kagan (1982) some babies are more anxious and others more sociable due to their genetic makeup. CV.
- Socially sensitive and economic implications - 8Two animal studies- SE for sexual imprinting. Guiton (1966) chicks that imprinted on yellow washing up gloves tried to mate with them as adults.
-Not generalisable to humans
-Positive implications on childcare, have to meet all needs not just physical.
-Ethics - 9Early attachments on adult relationships- SE from Hazan and Shaver (1987)
- Correlation. Kagan (1982) temperament.
- Self report, unreliable, retrospective, unconscious level
-Conflicting evidence from Zimmerman (2000). There was little relationship between the quality of infant and adolescent attachments. - 10Maternal Deprivation- SE from 44 juvenile thieves. 86% of 44 thieves diagnosed as affectionless psychopaths had early prolonged separations.
-Investigator bias, he knew the who the thieves were and perhaps looked for deductions that would align with his theory.
- Does not distinguish between privation and deprivation. Moved from home to home unable to form attachment.
-critical period is more of a sensitive period. Koluchova’s (1976) case study of twin boys isolated in a cupboard from 18 months found that after being given emotional care from two loving adults, they seemed to fully recover.
-Positive implications in hospitals. - 11Institutionalisation-Positive implications in orphanages. Langton (2006) adopted quicker, allocated to one carer.
- don't yet know the long term effects of privation. New study. don't know about romantic attachment and parenting.
- Correlational. don't know if institutionalisation is the cause. Rutter did not interfere with the process of adoption, those adopted early may have been the most sociable ones. personality differences cause these effects later on in life and not actually being adopted after 6 months.
-Not generalisable due to poor conditions.
Información
- Descripción
- Psychology Fichas sobre Attachment A03 , creado por Nicole McNally el 07/04/2018.
- Creado por
- Nicole McNally
- Visitas
- 1
- Valoración