Fichas
1_Communication 203
Fichas del conjunto (85)
- 1Value of Communication Beneficial outcomes. Four outcomesPersonal life
Personal relationships
Professional life
Civic life - 2Define CommunicationA Systemic Process in which people interact with and through Symbols to create and interpret Meanings.
Four Keys - 3Four Keys to CommunicationProcess
Systems
Symbols
Meaning - 4Process of communicationOngoing continuity, the beginning and end of which are difficult to identify.
- 5System of communicationA group of interrelated elements that affect one another. Variance in
Openness and Homeostasis - 6Openness of System communicationExtent to which a System Affects and is Affected by its surrounding environment.
- 7Homeostasis of System communicationState of Equilibrium that Systems strive for but cannot sustain.
- 8Symbols of communicationArbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract representations of phenomena.
Symbols are basic of language, non-verbal and thought. - 9Meaning of communicationsignificance we attribute to a phenomenon, what it signifies to us.
two levels of meaning - 10Two Levels of MeaningContent level of meaning
Relationship level of meaning - 11Content Level of MeaningLiteral information in a message
- 12Relationship Level of MeaningExpresses the relationship between communicators. Reading between the lines.
- 13Models of Communication ProcessLinear- one way, 5 questions, noise
Interactive-feedback
Transactional - 14History of CommunicationClassical Roots
Rhetorical and Democratic Life
Corax from Sicily with Tisias a pupil.
Aristotle developed theories of rhetoric. - 15History Aristotle's Persuasion theoryEthos-credibility of speaker
Pathos-listeners emotions
Logos-logic and reasoning - 16History Liberal Education 1800Rhetoric in education in Europe and U.S. Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC)
- 17History Broadening the Field 1960-70Social and political upheaval.
Youth culture brought new ideas.
Relationships, Civil Rights, Women's Movement, privileged, changes affect social and cultural behaviors. - 18History Research in Communication four methodsQuantitative
Qualitative
Critical
Rhetoric - 19Quantitative ResearchDescriptive statistics, surveys, and experiments to gather data.
- 20Qualitative ResearchInterpretive , textual analysis, and ethnography for measuring character in experience.
- 21Critical ResearchIdentify, critique, or change communication practices that oppress, marginalize, or harm people.
- 22Rhetorical CriticismProcess of examining a text to see how it works communicatively.
- 23Multiple Research ApproachesTriangulation-multiple ways, sources.
Methodological Triangulation-two or more methodology. - 24Eight Modern Areas of Primary Communication DisciplineIntrapersonal, Interpersonal
Group, Public. Organizational
Mass Media, Computer-Mediated, and Intercultural - 25Communication Themes / ConcernsSymbolic Activities
Meaning
Ethics - 26Communication Concern Symbolic ActivityThe basis for language, thinking, and nonverbal communication. That are Arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract representations.
- 27Communication Concern MeaningAdding meaning to symbols based on experiences.
- 28Communication Concern EthicsPhilosophy, actions of human interactions that are good or right. Moral guidelines
- 293 Moral GuidelinesFollow when judging others communication, allow others to make informed judgments, respect differences, take responsibility of our own communication,
- 303 Processes of Perception That influence CommunicationSelecting
Organizing
Interpreting - 31Perception Process of SelectionSelectively attending to what is important. factors, self-concepts, and motives influence our selection.
- 32Perception Process of Organization4-Cognitive schemata
Prototype
Stereotype
Personal Construct
Script - 33Perception Prototype SchemataDefines the clearest or most representative example of some category.
- 34Perception Personal SchemataMental yard stick for measuring dimensions of judgment.
- 35Perception Stereotype SchemataA generalization of a person or situation.
- 36Perception Script SchemataDefinition of expected or appropriate action in a particular setting.
- 37Perception Process of InterpretingSubjective process of creating explanation for that observed or experienced .
Attributions, and Self-serving bias - 38Perception Attribution in InterpretingWhy things happen or why people act as they do.
- 39Perception Self-Serving BiasAttribute our positive actions and successes to stable, global, internal influences that we control and to attribute negative actions and failures to unstable, specific, external influences beyond our control.
- 40Perception Influences on PerceptionPhysiological factors
Expectations
Cognitive Abilities
Social Roles
Memberships in Cultures
Social Communities - 41Perception influences Physiological factorsDifferences in sensory abilities and physiologies, and biorhythms.
- 42Perception influences ExpectationsPositive visualization
Expectancy Violation Theory-3
-positive / negative
-degree of deviation
-impact on relationship - 43Perception influences Cognitive Abilities-3Cognitive Complexity involving ones abstract, and elaborate mental constructs / schemata.
Person-Centeredness involving ability to see others as unique.
Empathy to feel what others feel. - 44Perception influences Social RolesSpecific training received to fulfill a role, and demands that affect how we interpret, evaluate, and respond.
- 45Perception influences Membership in cultures and Social CommunitiesCulture-beliefs, values, understandings, practices, and interpreting.
Communities- society - 46Perception improvementsAvoid Mind Reading.
Check Perception with others.
Distinguish Facts from Inferences / non-fact and Judgments / opinion.
Monitor Self-Serving Bias - 47Verbal CommunicationMeaning
Symbolic - 48Verbal Language and MeaningSymbols
Nonverbal
Verbal
Arbitrary- not connected to meaning
Ambiguity- no clear meaning
Abstraction- a reflection of attitude - 49Verbal Degrees of AbstractionMost abstract
action
judgment
label applied
perceived behavior
concrete phenomena
Most Concrete - 50Verbal Language and Meaning Principles of Communication InterpretationAbstract
Ambiguous
Arbitrary
Brute Facts- objective
Institutional Facts- assigned meaning - 51Verbal Language and Meaning Principles of Communication RulesCommunication rules- shared understanding
Regulative rules- specified rules of when, how, where, with..
Constitutive rules- how acts are to be countered. - 52Verbal Symbolic Abilities DefinitionLanguage:
defines - totaling.
evaluates -loaded, appropriation.
organizes - categorizes
Hypothetical thought - beyond
Self-reflection - "I" &"me"
Relationship and interaction - responsive, like, &power. - 53Nonverbal Communication Chp. 5All forms of communication other than words.
- 54Nonverbal 5-PrinciplesAmbiguous
Behaviors interact with verbal
Regulates interaction
Establishes Relationship meaning-3
Reflects cultural values - 55Nonverbal 10 BehaviorsKinesics, Haptic
Physical Appearance,
Olfactic, Artifacts
Proxemics, Environmental factors,
Chronemic, Paralanguage,
& Silence - 56Nonverbal Relationship MeaningResponsiveness
Liking
Power - 57Nonverbal Effective CommunicationMonitor own projected message.
Interpret others message tentatively by watching how we use personal qualifications and rules, contextual qualifications. - 58Listening and Responding Chp. 6Physiological activity of Hearing.
&
Listening is a process of receiving. - 59Listening and Responding Listening processHearing & Listening
Mindful, Receiving,
Selecting / Organizing,
Interpreting, Responding,
& Remembering - 60Listening and Responding Obstacles of ListeningSituational
Internal - 61Listening and Responding Situational ObstaclesIncomprehensibility
Message Overload
Message Complexity
Environmental Distractions - 62Listening and Responding Internal ObstaclesPreoccupation
Prejudgment
Lack of Effort
Reacting to Emotion
Not recognizing Diversity Styles - 63Listening and Responding Ineffective ListeningPseudo listing
Monopolizing
Selective Listing
Defensive Listening
Ambushing
Literal Listening - 64Listening and Responding 2-Effective Listening ToolsAdapt to listening to specific communication goals and situations.
Informational / Critical Listening
Relationship Listening - 65Listening and Responding Informational / Critical ListeningBe Mindful
Control Obstacles
Ask Questions
Use Aids to Recall
Organize information - 66Listening and Responding Relationship ListeningBe Mindful
Suspend Judgment
Understand Others Perspective-2
Express Support - 67Listening and Responding Understand Others PerspectiveUse Minimal Encouragers
& Paraphrasing - 68Listening and Responding Other Listening SkillsPleasure - Music, Jokes, etc.
Discriminate - Evaluate Content - 69Communication Climates Chp, 7Feeling, or emotional mood between people.
- 70Communication Climates 3-Levels of Confirmation & DisconfirmationRecognition / don't recognize
Acknowledge / don't acknowledge
Endorsement / don't endorse - 71Communication Climates RecognitionBasic confirmation that shows awareness of an others existence / or presence.
- 72Communication Climates AcknowledgementHearing and understanding another's expressed feelings and thoughts.
- 73Communication Climates EndorsementThe acceptance of another's thoughts and feelings. Not the same as agreement.
- 74Communication Climates Defensive & Supportive ClimatesEvaluation vs. Description
Certainty vs. Provisionalism
Strategy vs. Spontaneity
Control vs. Problem Oriented
Neutrality vs. Empathy
Superiority vs. Equality - 75Communication Climates EthnocentrismThe tendency to assume that one way of life is normal and superior to other ways of life.
- 76Communication Climates Conflict & CommunicationOvert or Covert
Conflict Process
Third-Party Resolution - 77Communication Climates Conflict & Communication Overt or CovertOvert - expressed directly and in a straightforward manner.
Covert - Expressed indirectly, difficult to manage. - 78Communication Climates Conflict & Communication Conflict ProcessConflict of Interest- Incompatible views
Conflict Orientation- Perception
Conflict Responses- Response to conflict
Conflict Outcomes- Results - 79Communication Climates Conflict & Communication 3 -Conflict Orientation / PerceptionLose-lose
Win-lose
Win-Win - 80Communication Climates Third-Party ResolutionMediator- Outside third party facilitates between parties, no power to make decision.
Arbitrator- Outside third party has authority to make decision between parties. - 81Communication Climates FlamingExcessively insulting another person online, may use language that is derogatory or obscene.
- 82Communication Climates Healthy Communication Climates Creating & SustainingConfirm Others- Acknowledge
Confirm Self- Assert
Respect Diversity- Unforced
Time effectively- Bracketing
Show / Give Grace- Forgiveness - 83Communication Climates BracketingIdentifying and setting aside for later discussion, the issues peripheral to a current conflict.
- 84Communication Climates GraceGranting forgiveness, putting aside our own needs, or helping another save face when no standard says we should or must do so.
- 85Adapting Communication to Cultures and Social Communities Chp. 8
Información
- Descripción
- Communication basics
- Creado por
- Ginamarie DeMilio
- Visitas
- 0
- Etiquetas
- Historial
-
- Creado por Ginamarie DeMilio · 22 sep 2016
- Copiado por Ginamarie DeMilio · 23 sep 2016
- Valoración