Multi-store Model

Multi-store Model

1. Atkinson and Shiffren

   • made the model
   • Found differences in STM and LTM
     • thought that they were separate structural stores

2. Explanation of how the memory works

   • why so little is remembered
   • The more something is rehearsed the more it is remembered

3. Evidence

   • Experiment
     • List of words
     • PPs remembered first and last words
       • Primacy effect (1st)
         • Words are in the LTM
       • Recency effect (last)
         • Words still in the STM
   • Case Studies
     • Clive Wearing
       • severe amnesia
     • HM
       • Epilepsy
     • KF
       • motorbike accident
     • Pros
       • rich in-depth data
       • can be used to investigate rare cases that can't be an experiment
     • Cons
       • not generalisable
       • Researchers can be bias or objective
       • ethical issues

4. Evaluation

   • Strengths
     • lots of evidence to support the different stores
     • explains structure and process
     • psychologists can get clear and testable predictions
   • Limitations
     • Doesn't relate to all aspects of memory (photographic)
     • mostly carried out on psychology students
     • STM and LTM may not be separate
       • KF = difficult to process verbal info in STM but not visual
     • Craik and Lockhart
       • LTM needs elaborative rehearsal
     • Ruchkin
       • interactive STM and LTM
         • Critisised MSM because could not reverse the STM to LTM process