Memory

Memory

1. 3 Stage Model

   • Sensory
     • Holds incoming sensory info
   • Working/Short Term
     • Temporarily holds limited info
       • Four Components
         • Central Executive
           • VISUOspatial Sketchpad
             • Visual Rep.
           • Episodic Buffer
             • LTM
             • Visuospatial
             • Phonological
           • Phonological Loop
             • Sounds
           • Directs overall action
   • Long Term Memory
     • 'Unlimited' Store
   • Serial Position Effect
     • Recalling item due to its position
       • Primacy = Earliest
         • Ability to recall due to rehearsal
       • Recency = Latest
         • Ability to recall due to STM store
       • Middle?
         • Forgotten due to STM filling up

2. Encoding

   • Automatic
     • No Intention of memorising
       • EG: Position of a table in psych book
   • Effortful
     • Intentional and requires conscious attention
       • REHEARSAL
         • Maintenance
           • SHALLOW LEVEL
           • Simple
           • Rote Learning
           • Keeps info ACTIVE in working memory.
             • Not Optimal for LTM Retention
         • Elaborative
           • DEEPER LEVEL
           • Organisation
           • Understand, add meaning
           • Application to ones Life
             • Examples
           • Imagery