short-term & long-term memory distinction

short-term & long-term memory distinction

1. serial position effect

   • it describes how our memory is affected by the position of information in a sequence
     • the first and last items studied were more easily remembered than those in the middle
       • Immediate Recall results in a primacy effect (LTM output) & a recency effect (STM output)
         • Delayed Recall results in a primacy effect but no recency effect (STM output has been impaired)
           • Speeded Presentation results in a diminished primacy effect (LTM output impaired) and a recency effect
             • This amounts to Dissociation evidence for TWO SEPARATE memory systems
   • Hermann Ebbinghaus

2. primacy effect

   • Increased memory for the first few stimuli in a set, reflecting storage of information in LTM

3. recency effect

   • Increased memory for the last few stimuli in a set, reflecting storage of information in STM