Manufacturing

Manufacturing

1. Scales of manufacture

   • One of
     • Bespoke
     • Custom
     • Limited level of automation
     • Specialised jigs are not used
     • Large infrastructural projects or prototypes
   • Batch
     • Varying numbers of products produced at any one time
     • More setup than one of production
       • Jigs are used
     • More autoated where CNC machines are used more often
   • Mass production
     • High numbers of production
     • Specialised machinery
     • Cost effective
   • Continuous
     • Very high numbers of production
     • continues 24/7 production
     • Specialised machinery designed for specific task
     • Highly cost effective

2. Castings

   • Sand casting
     • Permenent wooden or metal pattern
     • Mould is broken when part is removed
     • Aluminium
     • Iron
     • Steel
     • Low tooling costs
     • Poor surface finish
   • lost wax casting
     • Temporary wax pattern melts away
     • High quality surface finish
     • steel is usually casted
     • Very timely process
       • Only cost/time effective for large quantaties
     • Expensive due to specialised tools and machinery
   • Die casting
     • No pattern requried to create mould or die
     • Permanent mould or die set
     • Very high tool and machine costs
       • Specialised
       • Only cost effective in large quantities
     • Good surface finish not as good as lost wax casting

3. Metals

   • Forging
     • Maluable metals are used in forging
       • iron, aluminium, copper and lead
     • Large scales of production to be cost effective
       • Expensive dies and hammers are requred
     • Forged parts are stong due to the directional grain applied by the process
     • High quality surface finish
   • Machining
   • Extrudung
     • Maluable metals are used
     • Material is forced through a solid die
     • Large scales of production to be cost effective
       • Expensive tool and machinery costs