Memory Revision

Memory Revision

1. Types of memory

   • Semantic
     • Facts
     • Capital of x
   • Procederal
   • Episodic
     • Life events
     • Weddings
     • Personal event

2. Encoding

   • Patient HM
   • Hippocampus
   • Few steps
   • Acoustic
     • Sound
   • Visual
     • Picture
     • Drawings
   • Semantic
     • Writing
     • Meaning
   • how information enters the memory system

3. Multi-store Model (MSM)

   • Sensory Memory
     • Entered by stimuli
     • Capacity: none
     • TIme: less than 1 second
   • Short Term Memory
     • Entered by attention
     • Capacity of 7
     • Time 15-30 seconds
     • Rehearsal
     • Forgotten if not rehearsed
     • Prefrontal cortex is short term
   • Long Term Memory
     • Capacity: infinite
     • Time: Life
     • Transferred to short via retrieval
     • Hippocampus
   • Strengths
     • Easily tested
     • Human behaviours
   • Weaknesses
     • Unable to explain how some things are remembered more

4. Serial Position Effect

   • Primacy
     • First piece of data
   • Recency
     • Most recent piece of data
   • Psychological effect

5. Studies

   • Murdock Study
     • prove that short-term and long-term exist
     • prove MSM correct
   • Memory in the office study
     • Brewer and Treyen
   • Allport and Postman
     • picture of people on a bus
     • showed racial expectations
     • how society/culture/beliefs influence what we see
   • Mulak (owl)
     • drawing of deity became more owl-like
     • then more cat-like
     • became something more familiar
   • war of the ghost study
     • Bartlett
     • recollection changed

6. Reconstructive memory

   • fragments of information reassembled
   • Gaps filled in
     • Beliefs
     • Expectations

7. Context

   • A situation/place that acts as a cue
   • affects recall

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