Multi Store Model of Memory

Multi Store Model of Memory

1. Sensory Memory: all data from our senses enters the sensory model

   • Coding: modality specific
   • Capacity:Large
   • Duration: from 1/20th of a second to 1 or 2 seconds
     • Evidence for capacity and duration: Sperling- 3 rows of letters-pp could only recall 4/5-however when sounding different tones to indicate which row ,the recall was improved suggesting all info was there and it has large capacity but short duration

2. Short term memory: temporarily stores info received from sensory memory

   • Coding: main form is acoustic (Baddeley's 4 word list- acoustically similar/dissimilar and semantically similar and dissimilar - for immediate recall did worst for acoustically similar-for ltm recall did worse on semantically similar)
   • Capacity: limited-between 5 and 9 chunks but can be increased by chunking - evidence ( Jacobs digit span test-increasingly long lists- millers magic number-7+/- 1 or 2)
   • Duration: maximum of about 30 seconds (Peterson and Peterson-trigrams-control group=75%- distractor group=6%)

3. Long term memory: anything that lasts longer than the duration of STM

   • Coding: primarily semantic (evidence of baddeley)
   • Duration: potentially unlimited(Bahrick-pp aged 74 recognising clasmates)
   • Capacity: unlimited

4. Positive Evaluation: evidence to support stm and ltm as separate stores (Murdock words-primacy and recency effect)- distinction between stores supported by case studies ( KF amnesic patient-impaired stm-fine ltm)

5. Negative evaluation: researching in support uses artificial materials- msm oversimplifies LTM(could be semantic,episodic,procedural)- could be more than one stm(KF had effective visual but not auditory- WMM alternative)

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