History Exam Flashcards

Question	Answer
ace	WWI TERM FOR MILITARY PILOT WHO DESTROYED 5 OR MORE ENEMY AIRCRAFT
CONSCRIPTION	COMPULSORY SERVICE IN THE ARMED FORCES TOOK PLACE IN BOTH WORLD WARS BOTH WERE RESENTED BY THE FRENCH CANADIANS BOTH TIMES ENGLISH CANADIANS FELT A DUTY TO SERVE
BILLY BISHOP	CANADA'S TOP ACE WITHIN A MONTH - 14 WITHIN A YEAR - 48 RECIEVED TRIPLE DECORATION; THE MILITARY CROSS, THE DISTINGUISHED SERVICE ORDER AND THE VICTORIA CROSS AFTER THAT HE SPENT TIME PROMOTING THE WAR EFFORT BUT ALSO WANTED TO BOOST HIS KILLS
REPARITIONS	PAYMENTS FOR WAR DAMAGE PAID BY GERMANY TO REST OF THE WORLD FOR CAUSING THE GREAT WAR. PART OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
TRIPLE ENTENTE	RUSSIA BRITAIN AND FRANCE
MAIN	MILITARISM ALLIANCES IMPERIALISM NATIONALISM
AXIS	ALSO KNOWN AS CENTRAL POWERS GERMANY AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND ITALY, WHO LATER LEFT TO JOIN THE ALLIES
TRENCH WARFARE	NEW TYPE OF WARFARE BECAUSE OF NEW WEAPONS SUCH AS THE MACHINE GUN PROTECTIVE TRENCHES 2-3 METERS DEEP TOPPED WITH SANDBAGS AND BARBED WIRE LIFE IN THE TRENCHES WERE MISERABLE AND DANGEROUS
SHLIEFFEN PLAN	A GERMAN PLANNED STRATEGY FOR A 2 FRONT WAR WITH FRANCE ON THE WESTERN FRONT AND RUSSIA ON THE OTHER, THEY PLANNED TO GO THROUGH NEUTRAL BELGIUM AND ATTACK FRANCE FROM THERE. PAN WAS THAT ONCE THEY ATTACKED AND CONQUERED PARIS THEY COULD THEN TURN ATTENTION TO RUSSIA. PLAN FAILED DUE TO MOBILIZING FORCES AND AXIS AND ALLIES WERE LOCKED IN STALEMATE ON THE WESTERN FRONT
BORDEN	IN FAVOR OF CONSCRIPTION TO ENSURE THAT CONSCRIPTION WAS APPROVED HE PASSED THE MILITARY VOTERS ACT WHICH ALLOWED ALL MILITARY MEN AND WOMEN TO VOTE BUT ONLY FOR OR AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT ............. AND THE WARTIME ELECTIONS ACT : GAVE CANADIAN WOMEN DIRECTLY RELATED TO SERVICEMEN THE CHANCE TO VOTE FOR THE FIRST TIME ALSO CANCELLED THE VOTE FROM CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS AND IMMIGRANTS FROM ENEMY COUNTRIES IN THE LAST 15 YEARS BELIEVED THAT ALL CITIZENS SHOULD COME FORTH FOR THE DEFENSE OF THEIR COUNTRY PM FROM 1911 - 1920
LUSITANIA	US PASSENGER LINER 1200 PASSENGERS DROWNED GERMAN U-BOAT AT FAULT CAUSED US TO ENTER THE WAR
TREATY OF VERSAILLES	FORMAL AGREEMENT THAT ENDED THE WAR A RESULT OF THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE 1) GERMANY HAD TO AGREE TO A WAR GUILT CAUSE 2) HAD TO PAY WAR DAMAGES AVG'ING 30 BILLION DOLLARS 3) REDUCED AREA OF GERMANY; POLAND GOT TO BE ITS OWN COUNTRY AND GOT ACCESS TO BLACK SEA 4) STRICTLY LIMITED GERMANY'S ARMY AND NAVY SIZE
LEAGUE OF NATIONS	INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION FOUNDED AS A RESULT OF THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE
DEPRESSION CYCLE	decreased demand for goods > decrease in production> decreased sales > high unemployment rates > low profits > low purchasing power
boom cycle	increased demand for goods > increased production > increased sales > low unemployment rates > high profits > high purchasing power
technological warfare	using new weapons such as machine guns and long range artillery. new term developed in wwi
western front	germany's war front facing france to the west
stock market crash	20s were a great time for canadian investors. booming economy and lost of people were buying on margin. soon everyone tried to cash in their shares at once, the values of shares dramatically fell and thus the stock market crash of 1929.
drought	happened in prairies right after Stock Market crash. mostly during early '30s. co-incided with the dustbowl
communism	believe that property and the production and distribution of goods and services should be owned by the public and the labor force organized for the common benefit of all.
prohibition	the banning on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. happened in 20s and 30s and led to rum running and bootlegging
war brides	women from overseas countries who married canadian servicemen during or after WWII and immigrated to canada
appeasement	the granting of concessions in order to maintain peace
suburbia	the residential districts or suburbs outside of the boundaries of a city or a town
referendum	a vote on a specific political question
medicare	the healthcare program for all canadians financed from federal taxes but administered by the provinces.
maitres chez nous	"masters of our own home" the motto of Jean Lesage's Liberals in QC
megaprojects	large scale projects that require costly equipment and large numbers of workers
self-government	the right of a colony or cultural group to define the structure, laws and policies that will govern its own affairs
superpower	term used to refer to the us and soviet union when both were engaged in building weapons of mass destruction as deterrents against aggression
branch plants	factories, offices or other operations set up in canada but owned/ controlled by american or overseas companies
baby boom	the increase in birthrate that occurred after WWII
cold war	hostility between the soviets and americans. no shots were fired and no battles took place
UN	as WWII drew to a close countries realized they would need some sort of organization to help deal with and keep the cold war at bay
laurier	led the opposition during WWI influential opponent to conscription (1917 conscription crisis)
dog fights	A dogfight, or dog fight, is an aerial battle between fighter aircraft, conducted at close range. Dogfighting first appeared during World War I, shortly after the invention of the airplane.
dustbowl	The Dust Bowl, also known as the Dirty Thirties, was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the US and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion (the Aeolian processes) caused the phenomenon.
depression	Canada's economy at the time was just starting to shift from primary industry (farming, fishing, mining and logging) to manufacturing. Exports of raw materials plunged, and employment, prices and profits fell in every sector. Canada was the worst-hit because of its economic position. It was further affected as its main trading partners were Britain and the U.S., both of which were badly affected by the worldwide depression
trade unions	were suspected of being communists during the early years of the cold war one example is igor gouzenko. labour movements were said to be part of the bolshevik conspiracy by canadian business leaders
riding the rods	term used for unemployed young men during the depression who used to ride the rails all day looking for jobs
buying on margin	to buy something,putting in a down payment and borrowing money from the bank or broker
Bloody Saturday	On June 21 1919, near the end of the Winnipeg General Strike, saw the occurrence of the tragic event called "Bloody Saturday." Two men were killed and 27 others injured as strikers fought the North West Mounted Police.
Black Tuesday	the day the stock market crashed - october 29th 1929
persons case	5 albertan women women denied rights alberta court agreed women didnt have rights supreme court voted in favor of women
assembly line	rosie the riveters
dionne quintuplets	The Dionne Quintuplets (born May 28, 1934) are the first quintuplets known to survive their infancy
the group of seven	Believing that a distinct Canadian art could be developed through direct contact with nature,[2] The Group of Seven is most famous for its paintings inspired by the Canadian landscape, and initiated the first major Canadian national art movement.
banting and best	Macleod provided experimental facilities and the assistance of one of his students, Dr. Charles Best. Banting and Best began the production of insulin by this means
winnipeg general strike	The Winnipeg General Strike of 1919 was one of the most influential strikes in Canadian history, and became the platform for future labour reforms. Although many Canadian companies had enjoyed enormous profits on World War I contracts, wages and working conditions were dismal and labour regulations were mostly non-existent. In March 1919 labour delegates from across Western Canada convened in Calgary to form a branch of the "One Big Union", otherwise known as "The Great Fist", with the intention of earning rights for Canadian workers through a series of strikes
rumrunning;bootlegging	the illegal business of transporting (smuggling) alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law. Smuggling is usually done to circumvent taxation or prohibition laws within a particular jurisdiction.
changing tech in the 20s	snowmobile, bush plane, pitch-blende, linoleum, electric washing machine, electric refrigerator, kraft paper.
snowmobile	developed in 1922 improvements made in 1926-1935 made by armand bombardier
bush plane	made by bob noordyun "the norseman" 1934 used to search for oil, minerals and timber in the north
linoleum	great for keeping houses clean
electric washing machine	revolutionized washing clothes electric utility companies extended credit plans so that avg families could afford appliances along with their water heaters.
electric refrigerator	replaced the icebox
kraft paper	used for making, wrapping, packing and cardboard boxes produced a fluid by-product "black liquor" canadian scientists invented a furnace to dispose of it in 1926 the canadian model was then used all over the world
pitch blende	discovered in 1930 source of radium used for medical purposes, later for atomic research made canada one of two radium suppliers to the world
New Deal	Bennett came out with his New Deal - a phrase borrowed from President Roosevelt- as the 1935 elections approached. it was used as the label for President Roosevelt's own plan to deal with the problems of the Depression. his cabinet members knew nothing about the plan. It was a package of reforms that bennett promised to introduce if he were elected. Included health and unemployment insurance, a maximum work week, financial assistance to farmers so they could stay on their farms, and the creation of an Economic Council of Canada to advise the government on economic matters.
On-To-Ottawa Trek	driven to desperation by poor conditions, the inhabitants of the work camps eventually rebelled. In 1935, thousands of men left the campus in the interior of BC and congregated in vancouver. their union, the relief camps workers, decided to take their complaints to Ottawa.
R.B. Bennett	Canada's PM during the darkest days of the Depression. Was a millionaire, during his lifetime poverty stricken Canadians felt little affection for him. it was only after his death that Canadians found evidence of his compassion.
The Statute of Westminster	1931 - passed by the British government, formally turning the British Empire into the British Commonwealth of Nations. no laws passed by the British government could now include Canada, and the british government could not declare any Canadian laws void. Only restriction: Canada could not reform its Constitution - BNA 1867
Blitzkreig	"The Lightning War "
Winston Churchill	Prime Minister of Britain
Joey smallwood	Joseph Roberts "Joey" Smallwood, PC, CC (December 24, 1900 – December 17, 1991) was a politician from Newfoundland, Canada. He was the main force that brought the then Dominion of Newfoundland into the Canadian confederation in 1949, becoming the first Premier of Newfoundland, serving until 1972. As premier, he vigorously promoted economic development, championed the welfare state, and emphasized modernization of education and transportation. Smallwood abandoned his youthful socialism and collaborated with bankers, turning against the militant unions that sponsored numerous strikes. The results of his efforts to promote industrialization were mixed, with the most favourable results in hydroelectricity, iron mining and paper mills. Smallwood was charismatic and controversial. Never shy, he dubbed himself "the last Father of Confederation."
Lester B Pearson	won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1957 for organizing the United Nations Emergency Force to resolve the Suez Canal Crisis. He was the 14th Prime Minister of Canada from 22 April 1963 to 20 April 1968, as the head of two back-to-back Liberal minority governments following elections in 1963 and 1965. During Pearson's time as Prime Minister, his Liberal minority governments introduced universal health care, student loans, the Canada Pension Plan, the Order of Canada, and the new Flag of Canada. Pearson also convened the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism, and he struggled to keep Canada out of the Vietnam War.
Suez Crisis	a diplomatic and military confrontation in late 1956 between Egypt on one side, and Britain, France and Israel on the other, with the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations playing major roles in forcing Britain, France and Israel to withdraw.[15] Historians have focused on Britain's failure, and typically conclude the crisis, "signified the end of Great Britain's role as one of the world's major powers."[16] The attack followed the President of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser's decision of 26 July 1956 to nationalize the Suez Canal, after the withdrawal of an offer by Britain and the United States to fund the building of the Aswan Dam, which was in response to Egypt's new ties with the Soviet Union.[17] The aims of the attack were primarily to regain Western control of the canal and to remove Nasser from power,[18] and the crisis highlighted the danger that Arab nationalism posed to Western access to Middle East oil.[19]
Canadian Flag	Adopted in 1965 to replace the Union Flag,
Different political parties	NDP, CCF, Social Credit Party

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	Created by Chahat Sharma almost 10 years ago