10756824
Description
Flashcards by gracie massamba, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by gracie massamba
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the nucleoid? | an irregular shaped area that holds the DNA in a circular chromosome without a nuclear membrane. |
| What is the function of the nucleoid? | Controls cellular activity. |
| What is the plasmid? | a small loop of DNA that carries the genes that ensure the survival of the organism. |
| What is the difference between the ribosomes in an eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell? | Eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes (80S) compared to prokaryotic cells (70S), the size is determined by their ability to form sediment in a solution. |
| What is the process known as transcription? | a section of DNA containing the genetic code for a metabolite unwinds and hydrogen bonds break, RNA nucleotides line up and messenger RNA is formed. |
| What is complementary base pairing? | the way in which nitrogenous in DNA pair with each other (Adenine(A) with Thymine (T) or Uracil (U) in mRNA and Guanine (G) with cytosine (C). |
| What is translation? | the production of protein which occurs at the ribosomes. |
| what is RNA? | ribonucleic acid, a molecule with long chains of nucleotides. |
| What process can be used to classify bacteria? | Gram Staining |
| What two groups of bacteria are classified using the Gram stain technique | Gram positive and gram negative. |
| What colour do Gram-positive bacteria stain? | Purple. |
| What colour do Gram-negative bacteria stain? | Pink. |
| What is meant by prokaryotic cells? | single-celled micro-organisms with no membrane-bound organelles including a nucleus. |
| What is a prokaryotic cell? | cells. |
| What is the structure of the cell wall of prokaryotic cells? | it is made up of peptidoglycan which protects and supports cell. |
| What is the structure and function of the capsule? | it is a slippery layer outside the cell wall which protects and prevents dessication. |
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