GoConqr has a new look! Let us know what you think.

Sign up free

Flashcards

Freud revision

Emma Terry Psychology A level English 44 cards

Cards in this deck (44)

  1. 1What is the title of this study?"Analysis of phobias in a five-year old boy"
  2. 2When was this study taken?1909
  3. 3What was this focus of this study?Phobias
  4. 4What are is this study in?Individual differences
  5. 5What perspective does this study focus on?Psychodynamic
  6. 6What is the background of this study?Freuds psychosexual stages of development, according to Freud, as children develop they explore different parts of their body and get pleasure from it.
  7. 7What are the three stages of Freuds psychosexual stages of development?- Oral stage: children enjoy sucking their thumbs or putting things in their mouth
    - Anal stage: where children enjoy holding in and expelling faeces
    - Phallic stage: where children become aware of their genitals and sexual differences (between ages of 3-5)
  8. 8What stage does this study focus on?The phallic stage
  9. 9What is the oedipus complex?Where children desire to have a sexual relationship with their opposite gender parent and are fearful and jealous of their same sex parent.
  10. 10What are the different levels of consciousness?- conscious
    - unconscious
  11. 11How does the unconscious reveal itself?Our unconscious can't be seen by ourselves directly, but some of it can come out through processes like therapy (free association) and dream analysis. Freudian slips also cause things to accidentally come out.
  12. 12What is a Freudian slip?Where you accidentally say something from your unconscious.
  13. 13What are the two drives of the unconscious? (+explain)- Eros: pleasure, sex drive and excitement
    - Thanatos: aggression, cruelty and drive to destruction
  14. 14What are the three parts to the personality? (+explain)- ID: primitive desires, Freud claimed we're all slaves to our life and death instinct
    - Ego: negotiates the desires of the ID with the rules of the super ego, tries to find a balance in-between the two
    - Superego: our 'conscience' what society tells us is morally right and wrong
  15. 15What is ego anxiety?When our ego can't resolve the conflict between the ID and superego, the inability to solve these problems causes mental health issues.
  16. 16What was the aim of this experiment?To document the case of 'Little Hans', a boy who was going through the phallic stage of development and to confirm whether Freud's theories about the unconscious and oedipus complex were true or not.
  17. 17What research method was used?A longitudinal case study.
  18. 18What evidence justifies that it was a longitudinal case study?As it went on for three years and he kept revisiting as he looked at the one child.
  19. 19What was Freud's sample?'Little Hans', a 3 year old who was considered a normal boy.
  20. 20What was the sampling method?Self-selecting (selected by his father).
  21. 21What was the procedure of this experiment?- Hans' father recorded details of Hans' behaviours and conversations and made his own interpretations.
    - He'd then send these in a letter to Freud and Freud would reply with his own interpretations of these and it would give guidance on what Hans' father should be discussing with Hans and which behaviours to look out for
  22. 22How many times did Freud meet Hans?O
  23. 23What was the data collection method?Self-report
  24. 24What were the 6 findings?- 'widdlers' and 'widdling'
    - horses
    - giraffes
    - lumf
    - plumbers
    - hans as a father, dad as a grandfather
  25. 25Explain the behaviour of Hans, his fathers and an alternative explanation with his 'widler' finding.- Behaviour: he developed a fascination with his penis, calling it his 'widdler'
    - Fathers interpretation: an attempt to seduce his mother
    - Alternative interpretation: he's just discovering his body
  26. 26Explain the behaviour of Hans, his fathers and an alternative explanation with his horses finding.- Behaviour: he became afraid of horses
    - Fathers interpretation: a connection between Hans' phobia of the horse and his fear if his father taking his mother away from him
    - Alternative interpretation: he saw a gorse fall over once which scored him. Also horses are big so could've developed a fear.
  27. 27Explain the behaviour of Hans, his fathers and an alternative explanation with his 'giraffes' finding.- Behaviour: he had a dream about 2 giraffes big one and a 'crumpled' one, he takes the 'crumpled' one and sits on it until the big one starts calling
    - Fathers interpretation: the crumpled one is the mum and the big one is the dad and it resembles him taking his mum away from his dad
    - Alternative interpretation: he had been in the zoo recently so was thinking about the animals he'd seen
  28. 28Explain the behaviour of Hans, his fathers and an alternative explanation with his 'lumf' finding.- Behaviour: he was pre-occupied with his faeces calling it 'lumf'
    - Fathers interpretation: faeces was another feature of his obsession
    - Alternative interpretation: kids often talk about their faeces when they're young
  29. 29Explain the behaviour of Hans, his fathers and an alternative explanation with his 'plumbers' finding.- Behaviour: fantasy that a plumber would find him and remove his bum and penis and then give him new ones
    - Fathers interpretation: plumber giving him a bigger widdler shows that he wanted to be a father
    - Alternative interpretation: thinking about goring up and how he'll change
  30. 30Explain the behaviour of Hans, his fathers and an alternative explanation with his 'Hans as a father, his dad as a grandfather' finding.- Behaviour: he had fantasies about having his own children, his mother was his wife and father was the grandfather
    - Father interpretation: Hans had accepted his mother and no longer saw his father as a threat
    - Alternative interpretation: imaginary play about mums and dads is what a lot of children do
  31. 31What conclusions were drawn from these findings?Little Hans was sexually attracted to his mother, he fantasised about taking his mother away. He was jealous of his father, but was also frightened by him. He was jealous of his sister taking time away from his mother. He finally resolved his feelings towards his father. He learnt nothing new from the study. Little Hans was a typical child in the phallic stage, displaying evidence of the Oedipus complex - he wants his dad out the way so he can have all his mothers affections. Freud concluded that Hans was able to resolve his oedipus complex through acceptance pf his father and desires towards his own children.
  32. 32What is one advantage of the sample used in the study?Freud could properly focus on the one boy.
  33. 33What is one disadvantage of the sample used in this study?There was only one person so the study isn't generalisable.
  34. 34What is one advantage of collecting data in this way?It gave him information about Hans he wouldn't have been able to get by himself, gives detailed qualitative data.
  35. 35What is one disadvantages of collecting data in this way?The data collected copied be biased, demand characteristics.
  36. 36What is one advantage of the data collected in this study?It explains feelings behind the data giving more detailed information.
  37. 37What is one disadvantage of the data collected in this study?It can be hard to analyse through all the letters.
  38. 38What ethical guidelines did Freud uphold?- Consent: from his dad
    - Confidentiality: 'Little Hans' was only a nickname
  39. 39What ethical guidelines did Freud break?- Consent: not from Hans specifically
    - Withdrawal: he didn't know it was happening
    - Deception: couldn't understand
    - Protection from harm
    - Debriefed: not at the time
  40. 40Was this study ethnocentric?Yes, as it only took place in Austria, although phobias are common around the world - cultures not mattering.
  41. 41Was the sample large enough to check for consistency? (external reliability)We can't assume that all children will progress through the psychosexual stages of development like Little Hans did - the sample size is too small.
  42. 42Was Freud correct in his interpretation of Little Hans' phobias and fantasies? (internal validity)There are some much more similar and obvious explanations for the behaviour, that are not sexual and more acceptable.
  43. 43Can the way in which the questions were asked have affected what Little Hans said? (internal validity)The leading questions could have influenced his responses.
  44. 44Did the study have population validity? (eternal validity)The study focused on only one child so is unlikely to represent the whole population.

Information

Description
A level Psychology Flashcards on Freud revision, created by Emma Terry on 11/02/2018.
Created by
Emma Terry
Views
6
Rating

Feedback

What is it about?

What do you think of the new look?

How do you like it?