Flashcards
Consolidation of memories through sleep.
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1Diekellmann and Born (2010) - consolidationConsolidation is one of the functions of sleep. The re-activation of the hippocampal network leads to the strengthening of the cortical connections and the consolidation of memories and learning.
- 2Who discovered REM sleep?Kleitman and Aserinksy (1953)
- 3What are the main types of sleep?REM sleep and nREM (non-REM) which is party classified as SWS sleep
- 4Where is the brain activity in REM sleep?The brain stem
- 5What neurotransmitter is present during REM?During this sleep stage there is a large amount of acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) and a lack of monoamine neurotransmitters e.g. serotonin.
- 6Stickgold et al (2000) - REM sleep deprivation studyFound that lack of REM sleep after learning information impairs the implicit memory, even if tested days after when they are no longer tired.
- 7Jerome and Siegel (2001) - lack of REM does not impair memoryPatient with brain stem damage does not have the ability to be in REM sleep and his memory was as normal as everyone elses.
- 8Jerome and Siegel (2001) - antidepressantsAntidepressants surpress the ability to REM sleep but users do not have memory problems as a side-effect of the medication.
- 9Ji and Wilson (2007) - rats runwayRats went on a circular runway. The same brain pattern was repeated while the rats were in REM sleep.
- 10Maquet et al (2010) - PET scanReaction time task, the brain replayed these activities when in REM sleep.
- 11Rasch and Born (2013) - rats learningIn rats, REM sleep increases after learning intensively.
- 12• Crick and Mitchison (1983) - cleaning memoryREM sleep ‘cleans out’ weak memories i.e. the information/ events that do not need to be retained and strengthens the memories with a strong underlying substrate.
- 13Datta (1999) - GPO wavesIt may be the GPO waves in the brain influencing memory, not the type of sleep itself.
- 14Carlson (2012) - slow wave sleepModerate muscle tone, slow or absent eye movement and no genital activity
- 15Walker (2009) - primary insomniaPatients with primary insomnia do not perform as well in memory tasks compared to normal sleepers.
- 16Rasch et al (2007) - odourOdour introduced during a learning task and re-introduced during SWS sleep.
Activation in the hippocampal region was seen along with enhanced retention was seen in a recall test the next day. - 17Marshall et al (2006) - enhancement of swsArtificial enhancement of SWS.
Found improvement compared to controls the next day in a paired word recall task. - 18Gias and Born (2004) - criticism of consolidation through swsIncreased acytocholine levels while participants were in SWS sleep.
Disrupts the consolidation of explicit memory task.
There was no effect on implicit (mirror-imaging) task. - 19Tucker et al (2006) - only swsDay time napping with only SWS recorded.
Found enhancement of declarative memory (not procedural). - 20Mednick et al (2003) - Work together to consolidateCompared naps.
Just SWS sleep or both REM and SWS.
Both types of sleep had to be used in order to see an improvement in the task. - 21What memory does REM sleep effect more?more procedural memory (learning tasks)
- 22What memory does SWS effect more?SWS effects declarative memory
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- Biological Flashcards on Consolidation of memories through sleep., created by Carly Brinded on 06/05/2018.
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