Flashcards
anxiety
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1amygdalaKey structure in mediating fearful response (fight or flight)
Involved in processing emotions and fear learning - major role in formation and storage of memories associated with emotionally relevant events
Connects areas of the cortex which process higher cognitive information such as the prefrontal cortex with hypothalamic and brainstem systems that control lower metabolic responses
Allows the amygdala to coordinate physiological responses based on cognitive information from the thalamus
Role of amygdala in anxiety is clear by linear relationship between fear experience & amygdala activation & successful treatment lessens activity of amygdala to neutral stimulus (Straube et al 2006) - 2Bed Nucleus of the Stria TerminalisOutput pathway of the amygdala
Corticotropin releasing hormone acts in this region to trigger anxiety-like behaviour and seems to relate to more generalised symptoms of anxiety - 3GABAEssential in maintaining neuronal balance as the primary inhibitory NT
Those with anxiety disorder seem to be deficient in gaba neurons which means there is less inhibition of glutamate as well as down regulated gaba system in pFC
Lots of GABA neurons in amygdala - 4NAIncreases arousal & vigilance
Low levels in anxiety - 55htMain mood NT
5ht deficiency show same symptoms as anxiety and depression
General anxiety, negative thoughts, agitation, poor memory
Unclear whether anxiety results in lower levels or vice versa - 6benzosNon competitive agonist at GABA - potentiates the effects
Binding causes hyper polarisation which increases inhibitory neurotransmission
Facilitates the opening of GABA activated chloride channels
Negative ion takes the increases negativity of the cell moving it further away from action potential - 7benzo pro conTreats anxiety, mainly in panic disorder & GAD as others can be treated more effectively with cognitive or behavioural therapies
Cons
Anterograde amnesia → causes temporary memory impairment
Causes respiratory depression
Many side effects
High abuse potential
High potential for overdose
Bad interaction with alcohol
Tolerance & physical dependence (withdrawal symptoms) - 8barbsNon competitive GABA & increases duration of opening
At high concentration may be GABA mimetic and can act independently of GABA
Also inhibits excitatory AMPA receptors - 9barb consGreater risk of addiction/overdose
Greater CNS depression - serious respiratory depression & associated death
Less selective than benzos
Depress actions of other excitatory NT’s - 10—
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- sorry if anyone else is trying to coherently use these. good luck
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- zoe j
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