Flashcards
Neuro pathology 1
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1What is Alzheimer's disease?Progressive irreversible damage to nerves in the cerebral cortex.
Acetylcholine transmission deterioration. - 2What is the etiology of Alzheimer's disease?Unknown but risk does increase with age and is more common in women.
- 3What are the signs/symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?Difficulty learning something new and changes with memory/concentration.
Progression includes loss of judgement, impaired self-care, and loss of orientation.
End-stages can include functional dependence, inability to speak, and incontinece. - 4What is the treatment for Alzheimer's disease?No real cure only treatment is meds to control symptoms but disease will progress.
- 5What is the PT management with Alzheimer's disease?Our job is to maintain what function they still have and educate family members.
- 6What is CP?Cerebral palsy
A term to describe movement disorders due to brain damage that was obtained through birth. (Note it is non-progressive) - 7What is the etiology of CP?Before or during birth secondary to lack of O2, infection, drug/alcohol abuse, prematurity, etc.
Pt's with CP can also have CVA, meningitis, seizures, and brain injury. - 8What are the 2 types of CP based on motor patterns?Spastic or Athetiod
- 9What is spastic CP?Upper motor damage indicating motor cortex lesion of the cerebrum.
- 10What is athetoid CP?lesion of the basal ganglia and cerebellum
- 11What are the 4 ways to describe limb involvement in CP?Monoplegia
Diplegia
Hemiplegia
Quadriplegia - 12What is the treatment for CP?No real treatment other than PT but surgery may be needed to reduce spasticity.
- 13What is the PT management for CP?Ongoing family education. Tone management, WB, stretching, strengthening, developmental milestones, positioning, assistive devices, and splinting.
- 14What is radiculopathy?A disease of the nerve root or pinched nerve.
Ex:) Thoracic outlet syndrome - 15What is monopathy?Damage to a single nerve.
Ex:) carpal tunnel with the median nerve - 16What is polyneuropathy?Degeneration of the peripheral nerves
- 17What is autonomic neuropathy?Damage to nerves that control important body functions like breaathing, digestion, etc.
- 18What is diabetic neuropathy?Usually from diabetes mellitus where it can cause carnial neuropathy, radiculopathies, mononeuropathies, polyneuropathy, and autonomic neuropathy.
- 19What is the etiology of diabetic neuropathy?Caused from multiple factors such as the pt's lifestyle, nerve structure, blood gulcose levels, duration of diabetes, O2 to nerves, etc.
- 20What are the sign and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy?Varies but typically muscle weakness and sensory changes especially in the feet.
- 21What is the treatment for diabetic neuropathy?Medications and management of blood gulcose levels with life style changes.
- 22What is the PT management with a pt who has diabetic neuropathy?Education, management of blood gulcose levels, pain and foot management, with overall fitness.
- 23What is CTS?Carpal tunnel syndrome
Peripheral nerve damage of the median nerve due to compression which reduces blood flow to nerve causing sensory and motor changes. - 24What is the etiology of CTS?Unclear but is can be from repetitive use, RA, pregnancy, wrist fx, etc.
- 25What are the signs and symptoms of CTS?sensory and motor changes invoveling the median nerve. Such as decrease grip strength.
- 26What is the treatment for CTS?No real treatment other than getting wrist away from constant flexion by using splinting if severe surgery maybe needed.
- 27What is the PT management of CTS?Strengthening of extensors gentle stretching, joint mobs, and education