GoConqr has a new look! Let us know what you think.

Sign up free

Flashcards

Bio 1.1-1.2

Kristin Mayo English 44 cards

The Fluid-Mosaic Membrane Model

Cards in this deck (44)

  1. 1ProcaryoticCells WITHOUT membrane bound organelles. (example: Kingdom Monera)
  2. 2EucaryoticCells with organelles.
  3. 3Cell MembraneA phospholipid bilayer responsible for moving materials into and out of the cell.
  4. 4MitochondriaPowerhouse of the cell (produces atp).
    Double membraned with inner cristae to create a higher surface area.
    Cells high in mitochondria: muscle cells, retinal cells, liver cells or spermatozoa.
  5. 5Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.Lacks ribosomes.
    Responcible for lipid production (ex. steroid hormones.)
    Detoxifies drugs in some cells.
  6. 6Rough endoplasmic reticulum.Large number of ribosomes on it's surface.
    Site of protein production for export.
  7. 7RibosomesSmall, dark, staining (black dots)
    Site of protein synthesis; creates peptide bonds between amino acids.
    Produced in nucleolus.
  8. 8Golgi BodyPost office of cell; stores, packages, and exports proteins and other materials.
    Groups of flattened balloon- like saccules.
  9. 9VesiclesSmall Vacuole usually produced by golgi body or cell membrane.
    Used to transport material.
  10. 10VacuolesMembrane sac filled with food/waste moving into/out of the cell.
    Aid in food digestion and water removal.
    Stores starch, water, other chemicals.
  11. 11LysosomesVesicles filled with hydraulic enzymes; fuzes with other vacuoles / other structures to digest food, ect for recycling or removal (digestion).
  12. 12Nuclear EnvelopeDouble layer membrane around the nucleus- contains pores which control movement in/out.
  13. 13NucleolusControl center- contains DNA & is the site of its replication.
  14. 14ChromosomesGenetic Information.
    Humans have 46 (23 Pairs)
  15. 15The Fluid-Mosaic Membrane ModelA model of the cell membraneThe Fluid-Mosaic Membrane Model
  16. 16PhospholipidsThe main part of the cell membrane. (hydrophilic heads and hyrophobic tails)
  17. 17CholesterolStiffens membrane and controls fluidity.
    4 fused ring structure.
    Lipid.
  18. 18Membrane ProteinsMay act as: channels, carriers, pumps, cell recognition proteins, receptors for hormones, enzymes.
  19. 19Carbohydrate ChainsFound attached to membrane's lipids and on cell's outer surface.
    Different organs and different blood types have unique chains.
  20. 20Membrane VesiclesBreak off from membrane and move in/out of cell.
  21. 21Peripheral ProteinsProteins embedded in the cell membrane, held in place by cytoskeletal filaments.
    Structural role.
  22. 22Glycolipid and GlycoproteinsCarb chain protruding from phospholipid or protein on the surface of the cell membrane's bilayer.
  23. 23Integral ProteinMay move laterally; has hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends.
    Determines a membrane's specific functions.
  24. 24Channel ProteinAllows a particular molecule or ion to pass the membrane freely.
  25. 25Carrier ProteinSelectively interacts with specific molecule/ion and combines with it to move it across the membrane.
  26. 26Receptor ProteinShaped in such a way only specific molecules may bind to it.
  27. 27Enzymatic ProteinCatalyzes specific reaction. (ie. creatine)
  28. 28Cell Recognition ProteinUnique to each person.
    Protects cell, facillitates adhesion to other cells, receptor of signal molecules, and cell-cell recognition.
  29. 29DiffusionMovement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
  30. 30Facilitated Diffusion / Facilitated TransportDiffusion with the help of a protein carrier.
    (passive transport)
  31. 31OsmosisThe diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane; may move through channel or diffuse through bilayer.
  32. 32Active TransportMovement through gradient with the help of ATP and a carrier.
    Example: nerve messages via the sodium-potassium pump.
  33. 33Osmotic PressureForce that causes water to move.
  34. 34IsotonicOutside and inside of the cell are equal. No net gain or loss.
  35. 35Hypotonic SolutionWater enters cell causing swelling.
    More water and less solute in solution.
  36. 36Turgor PressurePressure of cell contents against cell wall when central vacuole is full.
  37. 37Hypertonic SolutionSolution with more solute than the cell.
    Causes cell to shrink.
  38. 38PlasmolysisShrinking of cytoplasm due to osmosis.
  39. 39Factors affecting rate of diffusionSize, shape, concentration, charge, lipid solubility, temperature
  40. 40EndocytosisMoving particles from outside to inside of the cell.
    Creates vesicle from cell membrane; requires ATP.
  41. 41PhagocytosisEndocytosis of large particles.
    Example: white blood cells / amoebas
  42. 42PinocytosisEndocytosis of small particles.
    Examples: vili in small intestines/ plant roots.
  43. 43Receptor mediated endocytosisType of pinocytosis where receptors (or receptor proteins) bind with specific molecules.
    examples: vitamins, hormones, lipoprotein.
  44. 44ExocytosisProcess of moving material from inside of the cell to outside.
    Contributes to cell growth from vacuole forming with cell membrane.

Information

Description
Flashcards on Bio 1.1-1.2, created by Kristin Mayo on 02/12/2014.
Created by
Kristin Mayo
Views
7
Tags
cellscell membranesolutions
Rating

More on Cell Transport

Feedback

What is it about?

What do you think of the new look?

How do you like it?