Flashcards
Movement
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1movement within the frameleft-right directionality (→ see also "Mise en scène" 56)
kinetic symbolism
negative space - 2left-right directionality (→ see also "Mise en scène" 56)...physical movement in this direction seems psychologically natural (although it is culture specific rather than natural)
whereas, movement from right to left often seems uncomfortable
...is used to reinforce the dramatic ideas
...signals progress - 3kinetic symbolismmeaning inherited by certain types of movement
can be used to suggest ideas and emotions
examples include:
curved movements --> conveys feelings of femininity and gracefulness
trembling movements --> sense of fear - 4negative space...is part of a picture which is not (or not yet) filled
...is often used to anticipate action that has not yet occurred
...is especially common in thriller --> acts as a warning to the viewer to be prepared - 5camera movementpan
tilt
dolly shit
handheld shot
Steadicam
crane shit
zoom shit
aerial shot - 6pan-Horizontal movements of the camera mounted on a tripod
-The camera movement must be slow and smooth in order to record the images clearly
-The most common use is to keep the moving subject in the center of composition - 7reaction shotA shot showing a character's reaction to what was shown in the preceding shot.
- 8swish pan-also called flash pans
-involves a whirling of the camera seemingly at a fast pace so that only blurred images are recorded
-things seem to be more related to each other, even if they are at different locales
-used to connect events that otherwise appear remote from each other
-it is a substitute for a cut - 9tiltTilt
Tilt is similar to the pan, but in the vertical direction. Tilts are used to underline cause-effect relationships and to signal a psychological change within a character. Tilts also used in point of view shots. - 10dolly shotDolly shot
-The camera is mounted on the dolly
-Also known as tracking or tracking shots as they are taken from a moving vehicle
-The vehicle moves in, out, or alongside a moving figure or object while the ac-tion is being photographed.
-This technique is often used in point of view shots for capturing a sense of movement in or out of the scene
-enhances three dimentional space and gives the spectator impression of being in the space - 11pull-back dolly-Variation of the dolly shot using backward movement
-effective technique for surprising the audience with a revelation/the camera reveals something startling to the audience in backward motion
-two functions: contextualizing the character in creating a wider frame, creating distance from the character - 12handheld shotHandheld cameras are carried around, making the cameraman more flexible and faster. Often the video material is very shaky because the camera is not as stabilized as the Steadicam. This causes a less lyrical shot. It is very often used for realist expression.
- 13SteadicamThe Steadicam is a device that stabilizes the camera. It lets the cameraman operate a large camera with great flexibility without causing any shaking or bobbing. It is very common because cranes and other expensive devices do not have to be purchased and it only requires one individual to manage the camera.
- 14crane shot- a crane is kind of the mechanical arm
- it is a tracking shot, using a crane instead of a vehicle
- virtually any direction (up,down, diagonally, in, out, or combinations) - 15zoom shotzoom shot
- on the screen their effect is much like a fast tracking or crane shot
- does not involve actual movement of the camera, but:
- zoom is a combination of lenses where it changes from close wide angle distance to extreme telephoto position
- edges of the frame are distorted in the zoom shot - 16aerial shot- usually taken from a helicopter
- occasionally used to suggest freedom - 17five distortions of film movementanimation
fast motion
slow motion
reverse motion
freeze frame - 18animation- Doesn’t ordinarily involve the photographing of subjects that move by themselves but they are drawn
- each frame is done separately, rather than continuously, then frames are put together into a scene
- often imitates conventions of live-action filmmaking - 19cel- are transparent plastic sheets used by animators
- layer over each other to create an illusion of depth
-some single frames consist of three or four layers of cels - 20performance capturelive-action characters are used to create the facial expressions and/or body movement for animated ones:
glass beads are attached to actor's face/body in order to translate his expressions onto a computer --> animated character seems real and animated at the same time - 21fast motionFast Motion
Scene is photographed at a slower rate (than 24 fps) but still projected at 24 fps
→ increased speed
used for: comic effect (because of machinelike and inflexible behaviour) - 22slow motionSlow Motion
Scene is photographed at a faster rate (than 24 fps) but still projected at 24 fps
→ decreased speed; dreamy, otherworldly feeling; ritualized & solemnized movement; sometimes makes time unbearably slow; aestheticizing, beautifying effect
used for: athletic events, tragedies, battle scenes - 23reverse motionInvolves photographing an action with the film running reversed, so events run backwards. It is used seldom, when it occurs it is usually used as a gag, or for showing time running backwards (ex. time traveler movies).
- 24freeze frameThere is no movement on the screen. A single image is reprinted as long as necessary to suggest a halting of motion. It is used for comic purposes, or for dealing with time. Sometimes a frozen image also implies no change. It is often used at the end of a film, to make you remember the ending picture.
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- CMA Flashcards on Movement, created by Lisza Neumeier on 25/11/2019.
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- Lisza Neumeier
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