Flashcards
Computer Science: Unit 2: Data Transmission:Part 3: Security, HTML
Cards in this deck (34)
- 12.5Security Aspects
- 2What is Malicious Software (malware)? What may be the intent of malware? 4Software written with malicious intent
intent:
To disrupt computer users from their work
To quietly recording key presses and gathering information
To gain unauthorized access to a computer program or files
To corrupt files. - 3What are the types of Malware? 6Spyware
Adware
Viruses
Worms
Trojans
Ransomware
(rootkit) - 4What does Spyware doGathers information from your computer- can collect usernames and passwords emails, credit card info...
can change cookies
Spyware author gets all information which they can sell advertising or identity thief - 5What is Adware?Irritating pop-up adverts
They install themselves on your computer but rarely do harm - 6What do Viruses do? How may you get one?Attaches themselves to another file and will activate when you run the other file. Then it makes copies and spread to together computers from yours eg by email...
May get a virus from being in a hidden file downloaded from the internet - 7What is the harm Viruses can do? 4Delete files or wipe out entire storage
Alter your computer settings
Make your computer carry out actions
Consuming internet bandwidth - 8What is a Worm?A standalone file that doesn't need a host program to attach itself to, then copies itself to other computers across a network
- 9What is a Trojan?A non-self replicating virus which masquerades as a harmless file you might want to open disguised as a good file
- 10What are Botnets?A virus will compromise a computer and use the hosts storage and processing power to perform jobs, the computer will now become part of a botnet network.
- 11What may be jobs of Botnets? 4Sending email spam to others
Storage and distribution of illegal materials
Click fraud
Denial of Service (DoS) attacks - 12What is DOS attacks and what are the examples of them/ how do they do that? 4Attacks frequently aimed at companies or web servers to overload them or force them to crash by:
Flooding the server with billions of requests
Absorbing 100% of its processors time or memory
Using all available bandwidth
re-configuring routing information for outgoing packets - 13What are Backdoors?(Virus) Switches off security software to let other malware onto your computer which gives hackers access to an infected computer
- 14What is Ransomware?Malware that is used to 'lock' your computes access or access to your files Then, you are asked for a fee to unlock this by the hacker.
- 15What is Rootkit?Malware that changes your operating system.
- 16What are some actions that will increase the Risk of Getting Malware? 3Downloading free content from the Internet
Opening files attached to emails
Using storage devices sold by unreliable people - 17What are some ways to reduce the risk of getting Malware?Personal vigilance
Anti-virus software
Audit traits
Scan external devices and drives
Firewall software - 18What is Hacking?Accessing someone else's computer without permission
It is not always for criminal purposes - 19What counts as Hacking? 4Exploiting weaknesses in websites or system security to gain information
Guessing default or common passwords Tricking people into downloading malware in order to gain access to their computer
Login in as someone else without their permission - 20What are some Reasons Hackers Hack? 5Pure mischief
A challenge
To steal money
To steal or modify information
For political reasons eg: to expose people or to get revenge - 21What are Black Hat Hackers?Illegally hacking to steal data or with some criminal intent.
- 22What are White Hats?Ethical hackers, employed by companies to deliberately find holes in their own security
- 23What are Grey Hat Hackers?Hackers that look for holes in other systems and then contact the companies for payment in return for fixing their problem.
- 24What is Cracking? What is it for?Illegally modifying program source code to alter its behavior to:
To bypass security or licensing control
Prevent software from expiring
To unlock new feature that may otherwise require subscription - 25What does Anti-Virus Software do? 5Detects Viruses
Checks all new files and emails for malware
Scans computer for malware
Deletes malware from our computer
Warns you about dangers eg: websites
deletes or quarantines infected files - 26How does Anti-Virus Software's Work? Why does it need to be kept up to date?It holds a dictionary of code snippets used in viruses and scans files, downloads... for malicious code by comparison.
Therefore as new malware is being made everyday it needs to be kept up to date - 27What is Spam? What is a Internet Filter?Spam- anti-viruses filters will block spam emails
Internet Filter- software that blocks contact with unsuitable websites/ content - 28What is Firewall?Acts as a filter or barrier between your own trusted network and another. It traps all packets of data from the internet, checks the data using programmed rules and only lets those that meet the requirements across.
- 29What does Firewall do? 4Stops malware
Can prevent hackers
Block unsuitable content
Can also monitor and record uses of the internet - 302.6HTML Structure and Presentation
- 31What does HTML stand for and what is it?Hyper Text Markup Language
Is a markup Language
The language used to make web pages - 32What do HTML tags control?Structure (layout like paragraphs) and Appearance (color, text size...) of a web page
- 33What is Hyper Text?Text that makes a link to a new web page
- 34What does CSS stand for and what is it?Cascading Style Sheet
information about presentation (style and appearance) may be stored in this file. The CSS is linked to the HTML file
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- Computer Science GCSE (Unit 2) Flashcards on Computer Science: Unit 2: Data Transmission:Part 3: Security, HTML, created by HRYN red on 25/02/2020.
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