21946411
Description
Flashcards by Evian Chai, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Evian Chai
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the functions of cell signalling? | 1. Growth/division/diffrentiation 2. Mobilise energy 3. Death 4. Secretion |
| Endocrine signalling is to... | The bloodstream |
| Paracrine signalling is to... | THe adjacent cell |
| Autocrine signalling is to... | Back to own cell |
| What are the 4 types of cell signalling? | 1. Hormone/growth factors 2. Metabolic regulators 3. Neurotransmitters 4. Inflammatory mediators |
| What are the three classes of cell receptors? | 1. Ionotropic 2. Metabotropic 3. Catalytic |
| What is the function of the G Protein? | Carries info from receptor to effector enzyme |
| What is the structure of the G protein? | Hetrotrimeric with alpha, beta and gamma subunits |
| How is adenylyl cyclase stimulated? | 1. Hormone binds to receptor 2. Receptor undergoes conformational change, attracts G protein (GDP bound) 3. GDP-->GTP on G protein 4. G protein disassociates 5. Alpha subunit of G protein catalyses adenylyl cyclase by binding 6. Adenylyl cyclase produces cAMP 7. GTP-->GDP via hydrolysis, G protein reassembles |
| What does adenylyl cyclase produce? | cAMP |
| In the fight or flight response, what does cAMP do? | Increases PKA production, which increases glucose in the bloodstream by: 1. Stimulating glycogen phosphorylase kinase which stimulates glygocen phosphorylase 2. Inhibits glycogen synthase |
| How does cAMP stimulate glucagon? | 1. Binds to PKA 2. PKA falls apart, liberating catalytic subunit 3. Serine/theronine phosphorylated, leading to: a. Short term metabolic signalling actions b. phosphorylation of CRED which changes gene expression, increases glucose/glutamate transporter |
| What is the structure of the 7 transmembrane receptor (GPCR)? | 7 LOOPS WITH A nh3+ on the left and COO- on the right longer loop between loop 5-6 |
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