Flashcards
Psychology attachment
Cards in this deck (9)
- 1DeprivationOccurs when something is taken away. In the context of attachment, deprivation occurs when a child has experienced attachment, is separated for a period of time from their primary attachment figure. Short term effects of deprivation have been described by the protest-despair-detachment (PDD) model. The maternal deprivation hypotheses describes the long term effects of deprivation.
- 2SeparationOccurs when a child is physical separated from his/her caregiver for example when attending a nursery. The child may receive suitable replacement emotional care during this separation, in which case emotional bonds are not disrupted and no harm may occur. when there is no suitable substitute emotional care there may be short and or long term developmental effects.
- 3PrivationOccurs when a child has never been able to form any attachments. Rutter (1981) suggested that one important distinction is between deprivation (loss of an attachment figure) and privation (lack of any attachment figure). It is privation that may have permanent consequences.
- 4Short term effects of deprivation: separation protest - The Protest, Despair, Detachment model (PDD)Robertson and Bowlby (1952) observed young children who were separated from their mothers, often as a result of hospitalisation (mother or child). They notes three stages in the child's response to separation:
Protest: crying but able to be comforted, inwardly angry and fearful
Despair: calmer, apathetic, no longer looking for caregiver, may seek self-comfort e.g. thumb sucking
Detachment: if the situation continues for weeks or months, the child may appear too be coping but is unresponsiveness, caregiver may be ignored on return - 5Long term effects of Deprivation -Bowlby's maternal deprivation hypothesisBefore Bowlby formulate his theory of attachment, he proposed the maternal deprivation hypothesis. This stated that deprivation of attachment during a critical period of development would result permanent emotional damage. Bowlby (1953) said 'prolonged deprivation of a young child of maternal care may have grave and far reaching effects on his effects...similar in form....to deprivation of vitamins in infancy.
- 6The effects of Privation - GenieCurtiss (1989) reported the case of genie who spent most of her childhood locked in her room until she was 13 1/2 years old. She looked like child half her age, could not stand erect or speak. She never fully recovered, socially or linguistically. This could be because of her extreme emotionally privation suggested by Bowlby. Or could be because she was originally retarded.
- 7The effects of privation - Czechoslovakian twinsKoluchova (1976) studied twins who had spent the first 7 years of their life locked up. when discovered, they could not talk, walk or anything. They were adopted by two sisters and recovered by 14 when they had near intellectual social functioning.
- 8The effects of Privation - ConclusionAge matters: Those children were discovered early enough appeared to have a better chance to recover. Genie may have been too old.
Subsequent care: some children had good care after discovery which assisted their recovery. Without this, they may have not recovered. - 9The effects of Privation - EvaluationIt is difficult to draw any real conclusions from these cases because:
They are small cases
The data about the children's early childhood were collected retrospectively
Any lack of development might be due to innate backwards
It is difficult to separate emotional from physical deprivation
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- a level Psychology (attachment) Flashcards on Psychology attachment, created by mystyrapture on 31/03/2015.
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