Flashcards
As Psychology
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1psychologyunit one
- 2Memory in everyday lifeEyewitness testimony
- 3Reconstruction of an automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between memory and language who and when?Loftus and Palmer 1974
- 4what and why?to find whether memory could be influenced by the type of questions asked, they did two experiments to research this
- 5experiment one- showed a car crash video to 45 students
- students asked to fill in a questionnaire after - 6what was the important question and how did it vary?'how fast were the cars when they ............. into each other?'
- Smashed
- Collided
- bumped
- hit
- contacted - 7average estimated speed of smashed?40.8 MPH
- 8average estimated speed of 'collided'?39.3MPH
- 9average estimated speed of 'bumped'?38.1MPH
- 10Average estimated speed of 'Hit'?34.0 MPH
- 11average estimated speed of 'contacted'?31.8MPH
- 12what does this show?the more violent the describing word the higher the estimated speed.
therefore the information presented can clearly influence the participants perception - 13Experiment 2 What?- 150 students
- car crash video
- questionnaire
- only 2 experimental groups - 14what were the two experimental groups?- hit
-smashed - 15how were the other two groups addressed?they didn't refer to speed at all
- 16what was the other thing referred to in the questionnaire?'did you see ANY broken glass?'
its important to know that there was no broken glass used - 17what estimate was higher 'smashed' or 'hit'?'smashed'
- 18percentage of those indicating they had seen broken glass in each group?'smashed' -32%
'hit'- 14%
control group- 12% - 19whats the effect of anxiety on eyewitness testimony?anxiety can cause you to be unable to recall events or recall events inaccurately
- 20two experiments that can be related to the effects of anxiety on eyewitness testimonyany 2 of-
peters (1988)
Loftus et al (1987)
Loftus and burns (1982)
Cutshal (1986) - 21brief summary of Peters (1988)- conducted in a health clinic
- people were receiving inoculations
- participants met the researcher and the nurse administrating the injection for the same amount of time
-later they were asked to identify the researcher and the nurse from photographs
-they recognised the researcher more than the nurse - 22what does this show?that either anxiety has a direct effect on memory or that there attention was drawn away from the nurse because of the needle, which in a crime scene can represent a weapon
- 23what does research suggest about children in eyewitness testimony?children are more susceptible to leading questions meaning that if influenced they are more likely to accidentally give false evidence
- 24what about children aged 3-5 effects thisthere memories are weaker and fade faster
- 25give a study that investigates thiseither
warren et al (2000)
or
Goodman and Schaaf (1997) - 26give a brief summary of Warren et al (2005)-read a story to kids and adults
- asked them 20 questions after 15 of which were misleading
- they showed that children were more likely to be mislead
- they then did a second set of experiments telling participants they were 'hard' and they might make 'mistakes'
- the effect of misleading questions were reduced in all age groups - 27give another reason why childrens answers to a question may be affectedthere ability to comprehend a question
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- a level psychology Flashcards on As Psychology , created by 09tagg on 27/04/2015.
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- 09tagg · Apr 2015
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- Apr 6, 2018
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