Flashcards
Memory: Multi Store Model of Memory
Cards in this deck (6)
- 1What is the MSM? (Atkinson and Sheffrin) A representation of how memory works in terms of 3 stores: sensory, STM, LTM. Describes how info is transferred from 1 store to another, how it is remembered and forgotten. Describes how information flows through the memory system.Evaluation:
Strength: It is supported by research studies that show that STM and LTM are qualitatively different. Baddley concluded that we tend to mix up similar sounded words when using STM however we tend to mix up words with similar meanings when using LTM. Clearly shows that coding in STM is acoustic and coding in LTM is semantic. Supports that the two memory stores are separate and independent. - 2MSM Flow Chart
- 3Sensory RegisterA stimulus from the environment, like the sound of someone's name will pass into the sensory register along with lots of other sights and so on. This part of memory has stores for each sense. The two main are iconic (visual information is coded visually) and echoic (sound information are coded acoustically).
Duration: less than a half a sec.
Capacity: high.
If you pay attention to the information, it will pass onto STM. - 4STM (Information about this is on the other folder). Maintenance rehearsal is when we rehearse material to ourselves over and over again (loop). We can keep it in STM as long as we rehearse it. If we don't, forgetting takes place. Prolonged maintenance rehearsal allows the information to be passed onto LTM.Evaluation
Weakness: MSM states that STM is a unitary store. To contradict, Shallice and Warrington studied a patient with amnesia named KF. KF's STM for digits was poor when read out loud to him. But recall was better when he read it himself. Shows there could be another STM store for noises. Limitation as there must be a store to process visual info and another for auditory in STM. - 5LTM (Information about this is on the other folder). When we want to recall it, it has to be transferred back to STM by retrieval. None of it is recalled directly from LTM.Evaluation:
Weakness: Lot of research showing that LTM isn't a unitary store. There are stores in LTM for the facts of the world, memories of skills, etc. - 6Evaluation: Weaknesses1) We form memories of useful things: people's faces, birthdays, etc. But most of the research studies that provide support for MSM, don't use any useful materials. Instead digits and letters were used and these have no meaning.
2) According to the MSM, the more information you rehearse, the more likely it would stay in the STM or move to the LTM. However Craik and Watkins said what matters is the type, not the amount. They agreed with maintenance rehearsal but it doesn't pass onto LTM, just stays in STM. Elaborative rehearsal is when you link information to your existing knowledge and is needed for long term storage.
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- A level Memory Flashcards on Memory: Multi Store Model of Memory, created by Christolin Calistas on 26/03/2021.
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