Flashcards
Memory: WMM (Baddley and Hitch)
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1What is the WMM?A representation of STM. It suggests that STM is a dynamic processor of different types of information using sub-units coordinated by a central decision making system. An explanation of how STM is organised and how it functions.
- 2Central ExecutiveAttentional process that monitors incoming data, makes decisions and allocates slave systems to tasks. It drives the system. Has no storage capacity. Has limited processing capacity so cannot attend too many things at once
- 3Phonological LoopDeals with auditory information i.e. coding is acoustic and preserves the order in which the information arrives.
1) Phonological store: stores words you hear for 1-2 seconds.
2) Articulatory process: allows maintenance rehearsal from phonological store i.e. rehearsing in a loop to keep them in working memory while they are needed. Capacity of this loop is 2 secs. - 4Visuo-spatial SketchpadStores visual (what things look like) and spatial information (relationship between things) when required. Limited capacity of 3-4 items. Use it when you are planning a spatial task: going from home to college
1) Visual cache: stores visual data
2) Inner scribe: records arrangement of objects in a visual field. - 5Episodic BufferTemporary store for information. General storage space for verbal, visual and spatial. Maintains a time sequencing. Seen as the storage component of CE and capacity of 4 chunks. Integrates information from CE, PL, VSS & LTM.
- 6Evaluation: Strength: Clinical EvidenceKF had poor STM ability for verbal info (sounds) but could process visual info (letters). This shows his phonological loop was damaged and others were intact. Supports existence of separate acoustic and visual stores.
- 7Evaluation: Strength: Dual Task PerformanceResults of an experiment showed that doing 2 visual tasks simultaneously (tracking a light and describing the letter F) is harder than doing 1 visual and 1 verbal. This is because when doing 2 at the same time they are competing for the same slave system. Showing there are separate slave systems.
- 8Evaluation: Strength: Studies of the Word Length Effect Support the Phonological LoopBaddley said people find it hard to remember a list of long than short words: word length effect. Because there is a finite space for rehearsal in articulatory process. Effect disappears if person given an articulatory suppression task: repetitive task that ties up AP: singing la la la while doing task keeps AP busy.
- 9Evaluation: Strength: Brains Scanning Studies Support the WMMBraver et al gave people tasks that involved CE while having brain scan. Found greater activity in left prefrontal cortex. Activity increased in this area as task became harder. Makes sense as demands on CE increase, it has to work harder to fulfil its function. Has limited processing capacity, as reflected by the increased brain activation levels
- 10Evaluation: Weakness: Lack of Clarity Over the CEUnsatisfactory and doesn't explain anything. Needs to be more clearly specified than just being attention. Some psychologists think it consists of different components. Shows WMM hasn't been fully explained.
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- A level Memory Flashcards on Memory: WMM (Baddley and Hitch), created by Christolin Calistas on 27/03/2021.
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- Christolin Calistas
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