Flashcards
Fungus
Cards in this deck (116)
- 1—C. albicans; clusters of septal blastoconidia, single terminal chlamydospore (inhibited above 30c); green on chromagar; germ tube + but grows at 42, single, and can triple assimilate (xyl, mdg, tre)
- 2—C. dubliniensis; clusters of terminal chlamydospores; germ times in clusters; no growth at 42C; no assimilation;
- 3—C. tropicalis; single or small blastoconidia anywhere, long pseudohyphae, rare teardrop chlamydospores; metallic blue on chromagar; neutropenic patients;
- 4—C. parapsilosis complex; curved pseudohyphae, giant mycelial cells; endocarditis, neonates; echinocandin resistance
- 5—C. lusitaniae; curved pseudohyphae with clusters of blastoconidia - differentiate from trop and parap by rhamnose assim and no cellibiose ferm; opportunistic, can develop multi drug resistance
- 6—C. krusei; elongate blastoconidia; pink on chromagar; intrinsic fluconazole resistance
- 7—C. kefyr; parallel elongate blastoconidia (logs in a stream)
- 8—C. rugosa complex; chains of elongate blastoconidia; cattle mastitis, catheters and burn infections; variable suscept
- 9—C. guillermondii complex; clusters of yeast with few short pseudohyphae;
- 10—C. lipolytica; similar to
C. krusei but prominent branching appearance; slow grower, no growth on cyclohexamide
- 11—C. zeylanoides; feather appearance - more blastoconidia at beginning, pseudohyphae curved; rare
- 12—Candida (nakaseomyces) glabrata; oval yeast with terminal budding; rapid assimilation of trehalose; reduced susceptibility to azoles and echinocandins
- 13—C. auris; budding yeast in doublets and clusters, easily misidentified; grows at 42C but not on cyclohexamide; bright blue with halo on chromagar plus (not specific); resistant to fluconazole, elevated MICs to ampho and echino
- 14—C. haemulonii complex; fragmented pseudohyphae; pink to violet on chromagar; no growth at 42, grows on mycosel; elevated azole and ampho MICs
- 15—C. pelliculosa (Wickerhamomices); yeast with pseudohyphae; can see acid fast ascospores like helmets; saprobe
- 16—Cryptococcus; can increase capsule with peptone; urease pos, no growth on mycosel; resistant to echinos; only neoformans grows at 37; brown on birdseed; gattii turns blue on CGB agar; gattii more common in immunocompetent
- 17—Rhodotorula; budding cells with rudimentary pseudohyphae; resistant to fluc and echinos; immunocomp/catheters
- 18—Sporobolomyces salmonicolor; pseudo and true hyphae, kidney-shaped ballistoconidia on denticles; satellite, salmon colonies on plates; rarely pathogenic
- 19—Saccharomyces cerevisiae; multiple budding, round yeast; short pseudohyphae, can see ascospores on special media (V8, gorodkowa, etc) with kinyoun and gram stain (negative); Associated with probiotic use and nosocomial spread
- 20—Malassezia; phialides with small collarettes, safranin pos; tinea versicolor, folliculitis, sepsis (TPN); don't grow at 37 except pachydermatis; do grow on cyclohexamide but need oil except pachy; draw blood through infusion catheter
- 21—Ustilago; elongate, irregular, spindle-shaped yeast and short hyphae; variable growth rate; saprobe
- 22—Prototheca; sporangia; no budding or hyphae; olecranon bursa and cornea;
- 23—Trichosporon; true and pseudohyphae, blastoconidia in short chains, arthroconidia in older; adheres to agar and cracks; CF (mycotoxinivorans), summer hypersensitivity (asahii - R to ampho); piedra; may cross react with cryptococcus (asahii); urease pos
- 24—Magnusiomyces (blastoschizomyces); true and pseudohyphae; arthroconidia and annelloconidia with elongate annellides clustered at tips; neutropenia
- 25—Geotrichum candidum; coarse true hyphae and rectangular arthroconidia with rounded ends, no empty cells; 25C; uncertain pathogenicity
- 26—A. fumigatus; septate hyphae, uniserate phialides on upper 2/3s, parallel to conidiophore; green-grey colony; pulmonary, disseminated, sinusitis; usually susceptible to azoles and ampho
- 27—A. niger; brownish conidiophores, biserate phialides around entire vesicle, metulae 2x length of phialides; otomycosis, fungal balls, chronic invasive disease; black/pepper colony
- 28—A. flavus; rough conidiophores, uniserate and biserate phialides over most of vesicle, rough conidia; invasive sinus disease, aflatoxins; green colony with yellow reverse
- 29—A. versicolor complex; smooth conidiophores, biserate with metulae same length as phialides, covering half of vesicle; small penicillium-heads loose; Hulle cells; green-tan colony with reverse orange/red; occasional lung infections
- 30—A. ustus/calidoustus/E. usta; short conidiophores, brown, biserate with short metulae, loosely covering upper half, rough conidia; long Hulle cells; resistant to azoles, susceptible to ampho
- 31—A. tanneri; no conidiophores on routine media; MEA or czapek - biserate, short metulae upper 2/3, no vesicles on some - penicillate structures; white to yellow colony;
- 32—A. nidulans; brown, biseriate phialides with equal metulae/phialides, upper half only, may see cleistothecia and hulle cells, red ascospores; CGD patients
- 33—A. glaucus; uniseriate, loosely columnar on most of vesicle, round yellow cleistothecia, ascospores with central groove; Saprobe
- 34—A. terreus; short conidiophores, biseriate phialides on upper half, columnar, solitary condia; brown colony; allergic and disseminated, resistant to ampho
- 35—A. clavatus; club-shaped vesicle; green colony; mostly a saprobe
- 36—Penicillium; branched and unbranched conidiophores with metulae with phialides bearing chains of conidia - skeleton hands; green or blue (except marneffei); may be invasive or produce toxins;
- 37—Paecilomyces; tapered phialides with oblong chained chlamydospores; yellow/brown; immunocompromised
- 38—Rasamsonia; rough walls, tapered phialides, boxcar conidiophores; grows at 42C; CGD patients and stem cell, elevated Isa and vori MICs
- 39—Puropreocilium; long rough conidiophores, clustered tapered phialides, swirling chains of thin conidiophores; purple; no growth over 37, ocular infections
- 40—Scopulariopsis; round rough thick conidia; nail infections, rare disseminated; brevicalis resistant to azoles and ampho
- 41—Trichoderma; wide branching conidiophores, tapered phialides, clustered conidia; wooly with green; IC patients/dialysis
- 42—Verticillium; long pointed phialides, oval conidia; saprobe (usually)
- 43—Acremonium; delicate, erect unbranched phialides with oblong conidia; white grain mycetomas
- 44—Fusarium; large canoe macroconodia or simple conidiophores bearing oblong conidia; cottony colonies, may be purple; keratitis, mycetomas, disseminated, toxicity from food; high MICs for ampho, azoles, and resistant to echinocandins
- 45—Chrysosporium; round, broad conidia, blasto like, some arthroconidia; no yeast form; can turn dermatophyte media red; rare reptile associated infections
- 46—Rhizopus; rhizoids where stolons and unbranched sporangiophores meet, columellae with round sporangiospores; most common mucormycosis,
- 47—Mucor; branched sporangiophores, no rhizoids, may leave collarette; inhibited by cyclophosphamide and >37C; circinelloides most common species
- 48—Rhizomucor; near terminal sporangiophore branching, some rudimentary rhizoids (intramural); inhibited by cyclohexamide, may grow at high temps; leukemia patients
- 49—Lichtheimia; branching sporangiophores and intranodal rhizoids, pear-shaped sporangia, collarettes common; no growth on cyclo or >50C; rarely causes disease
- 50—Apophomyces; unbranched sporangiophores, bell shaped apophysis, variable rhizoids; cyclohexamide resistant, no sporulation on standard media; desert regions, trauma related
- 51—Saksenaea; flask shaped sporangia, rhizoids at ends; no sporulation on standard media; traumatic infection, often disseminated, neural, and fatal
- 52—Cokeromyces; recurving stalks with terminal sporangioles, can form paracoccioides-like yeast at 35-37 w CO2; no rhizoids; slower growing, rarely causes infection
- 53—Cunninghamella; denticles with sporangioles, may have needle-like crystals; may have rhizoids; most lethal mucorales member;
- 54—Syncephalastrum; branched sporangiospores, chains of round spores, no phialides; rare
- 55—Canidiobolous; unbranched sporophores bear single‐celled, round spores, bear a broad, tapering projection at the site of former attachment. Can produce budding spores and hairs; satellites colonies; chronic granulomatous disease
- 56—Basidiobolus; zygospores with beaks, ballistospores from apical swelling of sporophores; lid coated with spores, earthy odor; ranarum from lizards; chronic granulomatous disease
- 57—Fonsecaea; fonsecaea - secondary/tertiary conidia; rhino - only primary; phial - vases with collarettes; clado - shields with chains. Slow, cone colony; chromoblaso - most common cause. Monomorpha and pugnacious = disseminated
- 58—Myrmecridium schulzeri; long conidiophores with single conidia with unpigmented hilum; slow growth, pink to orange; golden tongue in neutropenia
- 59—Rhinocladiella mackenziei; thick short conidiophores with oval conidia with nasal scars; slow growing; intracerebral infections and chromoblasto
- 60—Phialophora verrucosa; vase of flowers with distinct basal septum; slow and green; chromoblasto (second most common), phaeo, mycetomas
- 61—Pleurostoma richardsiae; glared flask with septal base; moderate rate, gray; cystic subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis; orhceum causes yellow mycetomas
- 62—Phaeoacremonium parasiticum; Phialides along hyphae or branched or unbranched conidiophores, rough walled near the base; basal septum and a collarette; Conidia are hyaline, oblong, curved; moderate, beige; phaeo, mycetomas
- 63—Phialemonium; long phialides with no septum, no collarette; green moderate growth; phaeo
- 64—Cladosporium; branched conidiophores, chains of conidia with scars, shields; moderate growth, best at 25C; usually saprobe but can cause phaeo in IC
- 65—Cladophialophora carrionii; indistinct conidiophores, long chains of conidia, pale scars; slow growth; chromoblasto
- 66—Cladophialophora boppii; long unbranched chains with no scars; slow growth; superficial infections
- 67—Cladophialophora bantiana; long branches wavy chains, no scars; slow; CNS phaeo, biological safety concern (inhalation)
- 68—Scedosporium apiospermum species complex (sexual); variable conidiophores, round conidia with truncate ends, cleistotheica (cornmeal, center); moderate, white becoming pigmented; phaeo, white grain mycetomas (most common in US), near drowning victims, high ampho MICs
- 69—Scedosporium graphium phase
- 70—Lomentospora (scedo) prolificans; swollen annellides, conidia in clusters with truncate ends; rapid; highly fatal, pan resistant infections
- 71—Verruconis gallopava; thick walled knobby conidiophores with bi-sected conidia on denticles; rapid, diffusible pigment; thermophilic; CNS infections
- 72—Exophiala jeanselmei species complex; budding yeast, tapered annellides, conidia on sides; no growth at 37C; black grain mycetomas and phaeo
- 73—Exophiala dermatitidis; yeast, truncate annellides without collarettes or extensions, conidia on sides; very slow; phaeo, CNS, CF pts
- 74—Hortaea werneckii; tapered rounded annellides with striations, conidia form new conidia; very slow; tinea nigra, esp warm climates
- 75—Madurella mycetomatis; requires cornmeal for structure, phialides with conidia; grows at 37 (unlike T. grisea), brown diffusible pigment; black grain mycetomas esp in tropics
- 76—Madurella mycetomatis; requires cornmeal for structure, phialides with conidia; grows at 37 (unlike T. grisea), brown diffusible pigment; black grain mycetomas esp in tropics
- 77—Trematosphaeria grisea; rounded hyphae and thin hyphae without conidia; slow, no growth at 37C (unlike maduerella); black grain mycetoma
- 78—Piedraia hortae; intercalary chlamydoconidia‐like cells, asci provide curved ascospores with whiplike extensions; slow, diffusible pigment; black piedra
- 79—Aureobasidium pullulans; hyaline thin hyphae and thick dark hyphae, may have blastoconidia formed synchronously from separate points; rapid growth; phaeo
- 80—Hormonema dematioides; hyaline and pigmented hyphae with asynchronous blastoconidia from the same location; rapid; bird exposure, phaeo
- 81—Neoscytalidium dimidiatum; consecutive, variably shaped arthroconidia and pale side arthroconidia; rapid, inhibited by mycosel (not a dermatophyte); nail and skin, subtropical
- 82—Botrytis cinerea; terminally branching conidiophores with swollen tips and colorless conidia on denticles; rapid; plant pathogen
- 83—Stachybotrys chartarum; vairiably rough pigmented conidiophores, which phialides with terminal swelling and oval conidia; czepak agar; mycotoxin, hypersensitivity
- 84—Thermothelomyces thermophilus; hyaline and pigmented conidiophores with oval conidia; rapid, thermophilic; phaeo, cross reactive galactomannan
- 85—Curvularia; conidia with 3-4 cells, enlarged center; rapid, olive; sinus, keratitis, phaeo, mycetoma, CNS, marijuana
- 86—Curvularia (Bipolaris); zigzag conidiophore, oblong conidia with bipolar germ tubes
- 87—Exserohilum rostratum; zigzag, 7-11 cells, prominent septum; rapid; contaminated injections, phaeo
- 88—Helminthosporium; straight conidiophores, club shaped conidia; rapid; saprobe
- 89—Alternaria; zigzag, muriform, club shaped, chaining with broad end towards conidiophore; rarely invasive, asthma
- 90—Stemphylium; knobby conidiophore with swollen end, muriform conidia with central constriction; rapid; saprobe
- 91—Pseudopithomyces; shore conidiophores, rough muriform conidia; rapid; saprobe
- 92—Alternaria (formerly ulocladium); zigzag, rough egg shaped muriform
- 93—Epicoccum; short branching conidiophores, young nonseptate and old muriform conidia, usually rough; moderate; diffusible pigment; saprobe
- 94—Nigrospora; short tapering conidiophores, very dark conidia; rapid; saprobe
- 95—Chaetomium; peritheica with wavy hair like appendages; rapid, red, olive; nails, skin, thermophilic in CNS
- 96—Phoma; fruiting bodies; red diffusible pigment; phaeo, various
- 97—Microsporum audouinii; comblike hyphae, rare to No conidia; moderate, salmon reverse; rare in humans, africa
- 98—Microsporum canis; numerous macroconidia, tapered bead like ends, rough at tip, 6+ cells, rare micro conidia; rapid, yellow; tinea in children, cat and dog, rural, hair follicle destruction
- 99—M. canis var distortum; bent macros, more club shaped micros than regular canis; clinically similar
- 100—Paraphyton cookei species complex (microsporum); thick, rough macros with 5-8 cells, numerous micros; moderate, purple/red; rare infections
- 101—Nannizzia gypsea species complex (Microsporum); many thin walled macros, <7 cells, rounded ends (unlike canis), micros; moderate, orange red; tinea, animal associated
- 102—Lophophyton gallinae (Microsporum), zoophilic form; thin, smooth macros, blunt tip, curved with tapering base, many micros; moderate, red diffusible pigment; tinea, chickens; urease neg
- 103—Lophophyton gallinae, geophilic form (microsporum vanbreuseghemii) ; long, thick, tapered, rough, 7+ cells; urease pos.
- 104—Nannizzia nana (Microsporum); rough (unlike t. Roseum), egg shaped macros, two or thee cells, micros; moderate, red; pigs
- 105—Microsporum ferrugineum; straight bamboo hyphae and irregular hyphae with intercalary cells, rare macros; slow, orange (lighter than T. Soudanense); tinea, onycho
- 106—Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex; many round micros, rare teardrops, rare thin cigar macros, coils; mod, tan, red; indotiniae - severe, azole and allylamine resistance
- 107—Trichophyton rubrum; single tear shaped micros, thin macros with parallel walls and 4-10 cells; slow, red-purple; common
- 108—Trichophyton tonsurans; variably shaped micros with balloon forms, perpendicular stalks, intercalary and terminal chlamydiconidia; rare irregular macros; coils; slow, variable color; tinea capitis; needs thiamine
- 109—Arthroderma terrestre species complex (Trychophyton); club micros on stalks and peg micros, macros with broad base; no growth at 35-37C; saprobe
- 110—Trichophyton megninii; teardrops on both sides, pencil macros; diff from rubrum by histidine requirement and pos urease; barbae and capitis
- 111—Trichophyton soudanense; arthroconidia, branches going in opposite directions, teardrops; orange, turns black on LJ; scalp and hair
- 112—Trichophyton schoenleinii; antler hyphae with swollen tips, chlamydiconidia; slow, splits agar; causes favus - chronic scalp infx
- 113—Trichophyton verrucosum; chaining intercalary chlamydoconidia, delicate micros, green bean macros; slow, grows best at 37 (most derms like RT; cattle associated
- 114—Trichophyton violaceum; irregular with intercalary chalmys, no macros or micros usually;
- 115—Arthroderma uncinatum (T ajelloi); long cigar macros, smooth (L gallinae is rough); saprobe
- 116—Epidermophyton floccosum; club macros with 3-6 cells, chlamys, no micros; causes tinea, no hair infections
Information
- Description
- ABPath Microbiology Flashcards on Fungus, created by Jonathan Wilcock on 04/09/2023.
- Created by
- Jonathan Wilcock
- Views
- 6
- Rating