Flashcards
ICT2102 Quiz 3
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1Goals of Visual DesignGuide: Help users find their way. Convey structure, relative importance and relationships.
Pace: Draw users in, help them get oriented
Message: Give distinct look and feel, express meaning and style, breathe life into content - 2Gestalt TheoryWhen human beings see a group of objects, we perceive their entirety before we see the individual objects.
- 3Gestalt PrinciplesProximity: Near = Group
Similarity: Similar = Group
Continuity: Compelled to continue
Closure: Viewer's perception completes
Figure & Background: Object and ground
Symmetry: Symmetrical = Group
Common Fate: Move together = Group - 4WhitespaceConveys grouping and relationship
Creates balance and layout
Leads the eye
Ease of reading - 5TypographyPoint: Font Size
Leading: Line Spacing
x-height: Smallest font height
Ascenders, Descenders: Tails and Ears
Weight: Bold?
Serifs: Line at word corners
Kerning: Monospace - 6Font ChoiceCommon Fonts: Large block of text
Less Common Font: Logo
Font Change: Contrast
Typeface influences look and feel - 7GridsPlacement and alignment of objects
Help users scan and understand quickly
Gives solid visual and structural balance
Alignment guides eye
Reduces clutter - 8Colour GuidelinesAvoid simultaneous display of highly saturated colours
Be consistent with conventions and expectations
Use fewer colours - 9Mobile ConstraintsResource-poor relative to static devices
Finite energy source
Mobile connectivity highly variable
Inherently hazardous - 10Mobile ContextsUsers subject to disturbances
Lower attention span
Intermittent interaction
No full concentration
Location changes often - 11Mobile Design GuidelinesDesign of simplicity
Minimise user input
Minimise vertical scrolling
AVOID horizontal scrolling
Prioritise information on each screen
Useful error messages, feedback
Ensure fast system response time - 12Mobile Input MethodsMostly thumbs
Minimum target size (44-48px)
Direct manipulation (fingers)
Limited reach on screen
Reduce typing
Use correct keyboard (numeric for numbers) - 13Mobile GesturesCommon: Swipe left/right, pinch, rotate
New: Press & Hold
Invisible (issue: discovery)
Nice to have but need to have alternatives - 14Experiment OutlineIdentify objective
Formulate hypothesis to objective
Design experiment to test hypothesis
Perform experiment to gather data
Perform statistical tests on data
Analyse and interpret results - 15Experiment ObjectiveWhat you want to examine?
Why you want to examine? - 16Experiment HypothesisMakes prediction about expected outcome
Must be testable (to prove it wrong)
How manipulating independent variable will influence behaviour of dependent variable - 17Experiment VariablesIndependent: Manipulated by evaluator
Dependent: What we measuring, outcome driven by independent variable
Confounding: Can alter outcome of exp.
Control: Must be held constant - 18Experiment DesignSpecifies what independent to manipulate
Which dependent to measure and how
How to control confounding variables
Which control variables - 19Within Subject DesignRepeated Measures
Same group of subjects take part in more than 1 treatment
Adv: Reduction in error variance
Disadv: Carryover, fatigue, practice - 20Between Subject DesignDistinct group of subjects take part in each treatment (one treatment each)
Saves time since can test simultaneously
Adv: No carryover, fatigue, practice
Disadv: Individual variability (confounding), assignment bias, practicality, environmental factors - 21Matched DesignParticipants are matched to pairs depending on gender, expertise or relationship
Each pair is allocated to one treatment
Matching criteria affects outcome - 22Ladder of Experimental ValidityContent: Result reflect a variable of interest?
Construct: Result align to theoretical concepts?
Internet: Hypothesis hold?
External: Outcome hold for others?
Ecological: Apply to real life? - 23Experiment Statistical TestsCompare data sets gathered after experiment
If test results are significant, reject null hypothesis and accept alternate hypothesis - 24Statistical Test Selection (Parametric )Data is categorical/ratio, normally distributed
Characterised by mean/median/standard.
Independent: Independent t-test
Repeated: Paired t-test - 25Statistical Test Selection (Non-Parametric )Data is ordinal (semantic)
Ranks/order of data is used
Independent: Mann-Whitney / Wilcoxon rank-sum
Repeated: Wilcoxon signed-rank - 26Experimental ErrorsType 1 Error: False Positive
Type 2 Error: False Negative
Type 2 more for non-parametric as they have less statistical power. - 27Statistical PowerSignificance Value: Probability of rejecting null hypothesis
Sample Size: Higher = Better
Effect Size: Degree to which phenomenon under study is present
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- Uni Year 2 Uni Flashcards on ICT2102 Quiz 3, created by Meixi Lim on 22/11/2015.
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