4256964
Description
Flashcards by Joanna van Dyk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Joanna van Dyk
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Who believed communism would need to spread to other countries if the revolution were to survive? | Lenin |
| What part of the government took most decisions? | the Politburo (top-down decision making) |
| When and why was the Cheka formed | December 1917 to combat enemies of the state, using terror if necessary |
| How did Lenin placate the peasants | he handed them the lands of the monarchy, nobility and church. |
| How did Lenin achieve peace? | With the treaty of Brest -Litovsk |
| What did Russia lose in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk? | 26% of the population 27% of arable land 26% of railway mileage 74% of iron ore and coal |
| How many seats did the communists win in comparison with the Social Revolutionaries in the newly convened constituent assembly? | Social Revolutionaries 370 Communists 175 |
| How long did the Constituent Assembly last for? | One day Lenin did not win a majority and was not able to control the assembly |
| What other reforms did Lenin make? | The power of the Orthodox church was removed Women were declared equal to men All ranks and titles were abolished |
| What was the White Army? | Officers who had turned their troops against the communist government following the treaty of Brest-Litovsk |
| Which foreign countries supported the white army? | Britain, France, the USA and Japan |
| Why did foreign powers aid the white army? | They wished to recover assets in Russia which the communists had nationalized and feared the spread of communism |
| What would the triumph of the whites mean for peasants? | return of the landlords |
| What sort of regime did the Whites want to replace the communists with? | They were very divided: liberal democracy restored monarchy military dictatorship |
| What were some initial advantages of the whites? | They outnumbered and surrounded the reds supported by capitalist powers |
| Why was the geography of the White Army a weakness? | They were geographically divided so the Reds could fight them one at a time |
| Who did Trotsky employ to lead the red army? | Former tsarist officers (including General Brusilov) |
| What would happen if these officers were not loyal? | Political commissars were ordered to shoot them if they attempted to defect |
| What were the best Red units made up of? | factory workers and soldiers who were commited to a communist victory |
| What happened to strikers and people who were persistently absent from work as a result of war communism? | The death penalty would be imposed |
| What did the rationing system do? | Denied food to those that did not support the soviet cause |
| How did Lenin tackle the food problem in the cities? | He requisitioned grain from the peasants. |
| What did the peasants do in retaliation? | they reduced grain production |
| How many people had died from famine by 1921 as a result? | 7.5 million |
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