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Biology 108 - Evolution of Multicellular Organisms and History
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- 1If larger cells function easier why aren't all cells large?Larges cells take longer to bring in raw materials, dispose of wastes and use up more material. a large group of small cells doing the same job with work faster and use less resources then one large cell
- 2What was the benefits for Autotrophs to become multicellular?it optimized their ability to grow and reproduce by using specializing cells
- 3Why did heterotrophs benefit from becoming multicellular?this allowed them to be bigger in size so they had more the prey and we less likely to become prey
- 4What is a downside to being a large multicellular organism?The gestation period is longer in reproduction. the animal has to stay alive long enough to reproduce even if it takes years
- 5What is the syntactical model?explains how cell specialization results in interdependence to retain a single organism. it starts with precursor cells which have more then one nucleus. also precursors can be ciliated protozoans. as these cells starts to divide they form a semi-connected group called a syncytium which is all the multinuclei cells that haven't specialized yet
- 6What is radical symmetry?when a cell can be divided into many equal parts
- 7What is bilateral symmetry?a cell that can only be divided into two different parts
- 8What is the colonial model?similar to the syncial model but a better description. Describes how similar cells end up close to each other and then start to specialize. they then become interdependent and start to form a multicellular organism
- 9how did mutlicellularism start in plants?began in photosynthetic algae called chlorophytas. it increased there ability to create healthy and fertile gametes and be more productive as a group
- 10Where did multicellularism start in animals?the earliest know start was with sea sponges. instead of complicated tissues the animals have a simple filtering system for food and a small number of specialized cells
- 11What are the three eras that we will mostly be studying?Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic
- 12When was the Cambrian period? why is it important?542-438 billion years ago. when most early multicellular organisms started to develop
- 13What is Lagerstatten?a German word used in palaeontology to describe a site with particularly good fossil preservation
- 14What are the characteristics of a well preserved site?areas where there were high temperatures, rapid sediment cover, no reworking currents so the fossils stay protected, little or no alteration after burial, and a diversity of different species.
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- Chemistry 101 Biology 108 Flashcards on Biology 108 - Evolution of Multicellular Organisms and History, created by jennabarnes12387 on 22/01/2014.
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