5140394
Description
Flashcards by Grace Bennett, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Grace Bennett
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What was the first clear indicator that the British press could influence public attitudes to Empire? | -The Indian mutiny 1857. -As within newspapers there were stories of massacres and tortures such as Cawnpore. Along with thrilling tales of heroism like Maj.Gen Henry Havelock and the relief of Lucknow. |
| How did British public opinion affect Arabi Pasha's revolt in Egypt, 1882, against Anglo-French dominated Egypt? | -Within a number of British newspapers, there was a great backlash on this revolt; The Evening news reported that - "further massacres were imminent" and one wrote of the Moslem mob. -All of these were clear indications that incensed public opinion against Arabi Pasha's revolt influenced Gladstone's decision to intervene. |
| What examples of literature are there of increased public interest in Empire? | -"She"-1887 -"King Soloman's Mines"-1885 by Haggard, this was a best seller. As well as "Four Feathers" in 1902 by AEW Mason. |
| What was the Impact of Empire at home? | -By the 1870s newspapers and magazines told stories of missionaries and explorers, with emphasis on superiority. Individuals like David Livingstone were Victorian celebrities. -The Victorians believed it was the duty of the British to civilise the "heathen" indigenous populations. -The scientific basis for this moral right and imperial duty came from "Social Darwinism" which manifested from "Origin of Species". |
| What did Imperial Exhibitions serve to reinforce and name some examples? | -It served to reinforce Victorian social and physical superiority. Examples of these exhibitions include the Great Exhibition of 1851-Crystal Palace, -African Exhibition of 1890, included two african boys. This 'justified' the British presences in bringing 'progress' and the word of the Christian God to the natives. |
| How did British interest in Empire and attitudes to Empire evolve from 1857-1890? | -Greater party political involvement- due to reform acts of 1867(1.5million men) and 1884, there were extensions of the vote, making the British public more politically aware. -Greater literacy rates due to the education act of 1870 increased national literacy rates. -Further depictions in press and popular culture. -A pro-imperial ideology was created: based on spreading christianity, commerce and liberal reforms. |
| Before the 1870s British governments resisted calls for greater territorial expansion, why was there a shift in attitude concerning this in the 1870s? | -Corncerns about ambitions of other powers mainly Germany, France and the USA. -Need for new markets and raw materials. -There was increased competition from Newly Industrialising nations. -And there was the Great Depression, economic downturn of 1879-1896. |
| What impact did the Boer War(1899-1902) have on public opinion? | -After the Boer war, criticism began to rise of Empire, especially due to the reports of Emily Hobhouse a welfare campaigner, which led to government enquires into the conditions of the concentration camps. Due to this British conduct was widely criticised. -Furthermore another concern that emerged after the BW, was of Britain's "national efficiency",and self doubt crept in of Britain's superiority and the idea of Social Darwinism behind it. Even more in 1900 statistics demonstrated that 56% of men measured in army recruits were less than 5ft 6, compared to the 10% form 1845. |
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