5391015
Description
Flashcards by Elise Lambert, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Elise Lambert
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is meant by coding? | The way in which information is stored in various memory stores. |
| Who conducted research into the coding of the STM and LTM? | Alan Baddeley |
| How did Baddeley conduct his research? | He gave different lists of words to four groups of participants to remember: 1) acoustically similar 2) acoustically dissimilar 3) semantically similar 4) semantically dissimilar |
| How is the STM coded? | Acoustically |
| How is the LTM coded? | Semantically |
| What was a limitation of the coding? | Baddeley's study used artificial stimuli that had no meaning to the participant. This suggests that the findings have limited application |
| What is meant by capacity? | The amount of information that can be held in a memory store. |
| Who did research into the capacity of the STM? | 1) Jacobs 2) Miller |
| What was Jacobs' study into the capacity of STM? | He measured the digit span. The research gives, for example, 4 digits and the participants have to recall it. The amount of digits is increased each time until the participant does not recall correctly. |
| What was is the mean span for digit recall? | 9.3 |
| What is the mean span for letter recall? | 7.3 |
| What was Miller's study into the capacity of the STM? | suggested that we can remember 7 plus or minus 2 chunks of info. |
| What are two limitations of capacity? | Lack of validity- confounding variables Not so many chucks- cowan suggested that the capacity was only around four chunks |
| What is meant by duration? | The amount of time information can be held in the memory. |
| Who did research into the duration of the STM? | Peterson and Peterson |
| What was Peterson and Peterson's research into STM? | They tested 24 undergads. Gave then a trigram and then told them to could backwards from a three digit number to prevent rehearsal. On each trial they were stopped after a period of time. |
| What was the conclusion of Peterson and Peterson's study | concluded that the duration of the STM is extremely short- between 18 and 30 seconds. |
| Who did research into the duration of the LTM? | Bahrick who tested the recall from old yearbook photos. |
| what did Bahrick conclude about the duration of the LTM? | It can last a lifetime. |
| What is a limitation of duration? | meaningless stimuli in STM study- artificial stimuli and low external validity |
| what is a strength of duration or LTM? | Higher external validity- Real life meaningful stimuli was studied |
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