Flashcards
Aid and Debt
Cards in this deck (13)
- 1What is aid?Aid is the FLOW OF RESOURCES from developed countries to the developing world. It can be a FINANCIAL GRANT or GIFT aid that doesn't have to be repaid or a loan with interest.
Aid usually takes the form of CAPITAL (money) but can also be EXPERTISE - experts are provided and their wages are paid by the developing. HUMANITARIAN gifts such as food, tents, medicines etc. or MILITARY aid. - 2NGO aid?NON GOVERNMENT ORGANISATIONS - such as Oxfam, Medicine Sans Frontiers, etc. are major providers of aid often for small scale projects like irrigation schemes, well boring, health, etc.
- 3ODA aid?OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE - by members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- 4Bilateral Aid?Aid from one government to another government.
- 5Multilateral aid?Involves UK donating funds to agencies like
-World Bank
-IMF
-European Commission
-United Nations - 6EmergencyUsually in the form of emergency humanitarian aid after famine, earthquakes, etc.
- 7Humanitarian Aid?Moral or Ethical: can be given because
-compensation - guilt over colonial past
-redistribution of resources from rich to poor countries
-moral obligation - help give basic needs like food, shelter, warm clothing, clean water, sewerage removal etc. - 8Political aid?Political purposes like strategic, self interest, to buy friends etc.
- 9EconomicDependency theory agues a key motive behind aid giving is to promote economic self-interest such as helping to develop markets for goods, or the disposal of surpluses.
- 10AO2 point?Aid isn't often given out of kindness, except in response to disasters.
- 11How does aid help the West?'Tied aid' means that in return for the money donated, it has to be spent on goods or services form the donor country.
British companies often benefit from aid packages to LEDCs. Aid is used to help secure their contracts with LEDCs.
Aid gives first world companies work.
Western countries can use aid for political interests - US gives loads of aid to Israel for security reasons. Anti communist govs have attracted loads of aid. - 12Disadvantages of aid to LEDCsAid doesn't always go towards LEDCs infrastructure or individuals - it pays for 'experts' in the form of Western people bought in.
Most aid goes to capital projects rather than land - poor lose land given to industrialisation which creates more jobs - many projects are economically disadvantageous or ecologically damaging.
Ecological damage happens because LEDCs govs allow poorer safety and environmental standards than allowed in the West because they want to industrialise. - 13Westerns conscience of aid?Western govs are conscious of past aid and are using agencies like charities or
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- A-Level World Flashcards on Aid and Debt, created by Georgia Davidson on 15/06/2016.
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- Georgia Davidson
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