Flashcards
Britain Glossary
Cards in this deck (62)
- 1PatronageTitles, land, jobs
- 2ShiresCounties
- 3BoroughsTowns who were granted charter to be able to send MPs to the House of Commons
- 4Statute lawAn act passed by parliament and given the king's consent
- 5Common lawTradition and convention
- 6GentryHigher than middle class but lower than nobles, they did own land
- 7NobleBelonging by rank, title, or birth to the aristocracy
- 8AristocracyThe highest class in certain societies, typically comprising people of noble birth holding hereditary titles and offices
- 9LaityEveryone who doesn't belong to the church/ clergy
- 10Book of HoursBooks of Hours enabled people to follow the services which formed the pattern of a monk's day; they were lavishly illustrated
- 11SustenanceNourishment, in this context it suggests that the priests don't provide the laity with enough spiritual support
- 12AbbotsHeads of monastic houses who provided earthly and spiritual leadership
- 13BishopsRegional leaders of the Church who provided earthly and spiritual leadership in the laity
- 14ChancellorSenior politician responsible for law and order in England, appointed by the monarch and sat on the woolsack in the House of Lords
- 15WoolsackThe seat of the Lord Speaker in the House of Lords Chamber
- 16Legatus a latere('from the side') Responsibility granted by the Pope which enabled those nominated to act on behalf of the Pope. Particuarly useful when communicaton was slow and difficult
- 17ExcommunicateTo cast out of the Church and the salvation it offered; also to condemn to hell for all eternity after death
- 18ArchdioceseEngland was divided into two provinces; Canterbury and York. Each was presided over by an archbishop. The area over which they had responsibility was an archdiocese
- 19LiturgyThe form of services held in the Church
- 20CreedStatement of the beliefs of the Church concerning the nature of Jesus Christ
- 21TitheA tenth of a person's income (what they produced or earned) paid to the Church annually
- 22Peter's PenceAn annual tax introduced in the 11th century where every house in England paid one penny
- 23HeresyThe holding of beliefs which contradicted the established doctrine of the Church in Rome
- 24ChantryAn endowment for the singing of Masses for the soul of the founder or others designated by him (to give the dead person less time in purgatory)
- 25Canon lawChurch law
- 26Rood screenA screen in the church which divided the areas where the laity (ordinary people) would go and the area reserved for the choir and clergy
- 27ReredosA highly decorated screen behind the high altar
- 28'year's mind'Yearly remembrance of a dead individual in the form of a mass at key times of the year, what happened when you joined a 'chantry guild'
- 29AbbeysLarge, rural monastic houses, places of prayer and learning often with large land - holdings
- 30PrioriesSettlements made by the larger abbeys, often in towns, monks who lived in the priories worked in the community and helped the poor and sick
- 31FriaryA house of friars, they were more community based
- 32FraternitiesReligious guilds that were open to men and women
- 33the PaxA symbol demonstrating peace
- 34PredestinationBelief that the fate of an individual's soul to either go to heaven or hell was decided before Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden
- 35AnticlericalismCriticisms of the clergy
- 36AntipapalismCriticisms of the Papacy
- 37ErastianismThe view that the king or prince should be the protector of the Church, not the Pope
- 38HeresyThe questioning of the teaching of the Catholic Church
- 39AbsenteeismThe practice of a bishop not residing in his diocese
- 40PluralismHolding more than one Church office (job) at the same time
- 41SimonyThe selling of Church offices
- 42NepotismPromoting members of your own family
- 43Mortuary feeWhat you pay for a burial.
At the time, the Priest had the right to ask for the most valuable possession of the deceased - 44SeeThis was the area for which a bishop was responsible
- 45PrerogativeA right based on customary law rather than statute law
- 46Omni-competentMeaning ‘capable of everything.’ Referring to the Reformation Parliament, legislation was used in many different ways
- 47InjunctionAn instruction given to parish churches requiring conformity
- 48EvangelicalA person whose beliefs are based on faith alone
- 49Episcopal system of authorityMeaning that the bishops had the main authority in the Church. Contrastingly, in the 1530s breakaway, churches were directed by the congregation of the Church
- 50ChanceryThe Court of Chancery was set up to ensure fairness in Common Law and that cases were dealt with swiftly
- 51Valor EcclesiasticFull audit of the property of the Church
- the purpose of this was to find a way of more effectively taxing the Church now that all church taxes went to the king - 52the Litany- sung procession in Latin
- 2 and 1/2 hours
- laity were led by clergy, confessed their sins, prayed for God to protect country and monarch - 53Catholic Missal- book used by priest that contained the liturgh
- 54Convocationa large formal assembly
- 55Vagrancythe state of living as a vagrant; homelessness
- 56Homilies- short sermons written by Cranmer and other bishops
- 57Dry stamp- enabled members of Henry's inner circle to determine what received royal assent
- 58Rack-renting- very high rent charges
- often frequently increased
- landlords passed the costs associated with inflation onto their tenantry - 59Commonwealth men- group of Christian reformers who campaigned against exploitation of the poor
- 60consort- usually a role taken by the Queen, the person who accompanied the king at court on engagements
- 61sacring bell- a bell, or bells, rung at the point in the Mass when transubstantiation has occurred
- could also be rung at other sacramental points - 62—
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- A level History (Carpenter ) Flashcards on Britain Glossary, created by Sophie Pereira on 08/09/2016.
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- Sophie Pereira
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