9299817
Description
Flashcards by Karima Ranieri, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Karima Ranieri
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Why was the nobility a problem? | - Land = Power - Exploitation of a weak king - Supporters of Richard III - Leadership that could provide sufficient force for a rebellion - Over-mighty subjects problem |
| Why did Henry need to rely on the nobility? | - Henry spent much of his life in exile and needed their advice on governing. - They were crucial in filling key offices and ensuring the royal will was enforced in the localities. |
| How did Henry control the nobility? Rewards | - Through carrots and sticks (inducements and sanctions) - Limited the number he created (3 new earls compared with 9 under Edward IV) - Elevation to the peerage = rare, therefore valuable. - Got rid of the rewards of land as this created the 'over-mighty subjects' which helped cause the Wars of the Roses. - Order of the Garter (Henry created 37 knights of the Garter) rather than land, it gave prestige. - Patronage = result of loyal service. By limiting the number given out, it also became highly valued. - King's Council or Great Council = sign of trust. |
| How did Henry control the nobility? Sanctions | - Acts of Attainder: damaging to families (lost right to possess their land = economic ruin) - These acts could be reversed or attached with conditions. - Henry passed 9 attainders against nobles, reversed 5 but attached conditions to 4. - Number of attainders increased in his later years of reign (51 number of attainders in 1504-09) - This was effective in encouraging loyalty. - Bonds and recognisances - written agreements whereby nobles who offended the king either paid for their offence or paid money as security for future good behaviour. - Practice of recruiting followers = huge threat. - Henry ensured that Lords and Commons could not retain illegally, and needed a licence to retain. - Feudal rights (Marriage, Wardship, Relief, and Livery) - Regaining formed crown lands from nobles. (Act of Resumption - recovered land granted away since before the Wars of the Roses). |
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