Flashcards
[summer] the creation of a dictatorship
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1define a dictatorshipa government controlled by a dictator (someone who has gained control through force)
- 2What was Hitler's power as a chancellor? (from Jan 1933)- the WC could control what the chancellor could do
- Hindenburg still had most power as president
- out of 12 members in his cabinet, only 2 were from the NSDAP
- NSDAP members only made up a third of the Reichstag - 3Most people thought other politicians would strain Hitler- but Hitler was looking for a chance to increase his own power. What was his first opportunity?His first opportunity was created by a fire at the Reichstag.
- 4~ The Reichstag Fire ~[ 27 Feb 1933 ]
- 5Explain how the Reichstag led to an opportunity to attack the communists?- On the evening of 27 Feb 1933, the Reichstag building was destroyed by a massive fire, by a young communist supporter, Marinus Van Der Lubbe- he was found guilty and then executed
- However, this was not enogh for Hitler, so he claimed that Lubbe was part of a communist conspiracy against the government. - 6What happened after this claim Hitler made (that there was a communist conspiracy against the government)?- 4000 communists were arrested that day
- Hitler also used the fire to pressurize Hindenburg into declaring a state of emergency.
-As long as Hindenburg supported him, Hitler could now use decrees to govern G
- He then persuaded Hindenburg to call an election, in hope of more Nazi seats. - 7What did Hitler do to prepare for the election?• issued the Decree for the Protection of the People and the State - this gave him power to imprison opponents and ban communist newspapers
• controlled the country's police force - allowed him to ensure that people turned a blind eye to the violent activities of the SA
• persuaded industrialist to bankroll the Nazi campaign - lots of money was donated to the party - 8~ The Elections ~[ 5 March 1933 ]
- 9Describe the electionsit was a bloody election campaign- violent clashes led to over 70 deaths
- 10What were the results?• the Nazis had increased their Reichstag members to 288
• Hitler used his temporary emergency powers to ban the Communist party out of its 87 seats - 11Why were the election results important?They were CRUCIAL- Hitler now had enough votes to change the constitution of the Republic.
- 12~ The Enabling Act ~[ March 1933 ]
- 13What is the full name of the law and what did it say?→ Law for the Removal of the Distress of the People and the Reich and it said:
• the Reich Cabinet could pass new laws
• those laws could overrule the constitution of the WR
• the laws would be proposed by the Chancellor- Hitler - 14What did the Enabling Act do?• changed the constitution
• give Hitler the right to change the constitution - 15How was the Enabling Act passed?• it was 444 votes to 94
• supported by the Nazis, the National Party and the Centre Party - 16Why was the Enabling Act so important?it gave Hitler (and the Cabinet) the power to pass laws without the permission of the Reichstag
- 17~ The Night of Long Knives ~[ June 1934 ]
- 18Hitler had Germany a one state party by the start of 1934 and wanted to make sure he was the only leader. But who was becoming a threat to him?Ernest Rohm, leader of the SA
- 19Why did Hitler (and others) think that Rohm was a threat to Hitler's position?• the stormtroopers who loyal to Rohm, and were increasing in numbers believed that Hitler undervalued them
• Rohm also opposed Hitler's policies, preferring more socialist views
• German army officers also thought Rohm wanted the SA to replace the German army
• the leaders of the SS also hated Rohm and wanted to reduce the power of the SA - 20How did Hitler remove this threat?• He arranged a meeting with him and 100 other SA leaders at a hotel
• they were immediately arrested and shot - 21What were the effects of this night?• Von Papen was also caught
• some Germans objected to the violence and some understood why
• the SA continued after 1934 but it was firmly under Hitler's control - 22~ The Death of Hindenburg ~ (aged 87)[ 19 August 1934 ]
- 23How did Hitler take over supreme power?• he declared himself Fuhrer
• decreed that as Fuhrer, he would add all of the President's powers to those he had as a Chancellor
• he forced an oath of loyalty to him from every soldier in the army - 2419 August--the Weimar Republic formally ended
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- GCSE History Flashcards on [summer] the creation of a dictatorship, created by Farha Idrees on 29/06/2017.
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- Farha Idrees
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